Geranyl acetate is an organic compound that is present in the essential oils of Ceylon Citronella, Palmarosa, Geranium, Coriander, Neroli, Lemongrass, Petitgrain, Carrot and Sassafras. It is also obtained semi-synthetically by the condensation of Geraniol with acetic acid.
Geranyl acetate is a monoterpene with the chemical formula C12H20O2. It is an ester which is also identified by various other names such as Geraniol acetate, Bay pine (oyster) oil, Geraniol ethanoate and so on.
Attributes of Geranyl acetate:
Geranyl acetate is a colorless transparent liquid. In the condensed form, Geranyl acetate is slightly pale yellow in colour. It has sweet lavender smell or floral or fruity smell of rose. It owns a tempting fruity taste similar to those of banana, pear, apple and peach. It is not soluble in water but it dissolves in organic solvents like oils and alcohol.
Antifungal and anti-inflammatory effect of Geranyl acetate:
A study titled “Composition and biological activity of the essential oil from Thapsia minor, a new source of geranyl acetate” was conducted to evaluate the biological activity of the essential oil from Thapsia minor which is a source of Geranyl acetate. It was found that Geranyl acetate exhibit antifungal and anti-inflammatory effect.. Further, it also acts as the main contributor of these attributes to the essential oil of Thapsia minor.
Antimicrobial effect:
According to the study “Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oils of Four Lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus Steud) Varieties“, the essential oils of four varieties of lemongrass and their constituents were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Salmonella typhi and two fungi, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus. It was found that Geranyl acetate was reasonably active against Staphylococcus aureus.
In another study titled, “Antimicrobial Activity and Chemical Composition of Essential Oil from the Seeds of Artemisia aucheri Boiss”, the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil in Artemisia aucheri Boiss was evaluated. It was found that Geraniol and Geranyl acetate found in the essential oils in the aerial parts of the plant are responsible for the antimicrobial activity of the oil.
Commercial Uses:
As a fragrant and flavouring agent:
Geranyl acetate finds its use in perfumery because of its sweet floral rose or lavender fragrance. It is used for its fragrance in soaps and creams and also as flavor enhancer. It is used in the formulation of rose, lavender and geranium flavors to impart a sweet fruity or citrus smell.
In the food industry:
In the food industry, it is used to enhance the flavor. It is recognised as safe to be used by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
References:
- Geranyl acetate by Wikipedia
- Geranyl acetate by PubChem
- Composition and biological activity of the essential oil from Thapsia minor, a new source of geranyl acetate
- Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oils of Four Lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus Steud) Varieties
- Antimicrobial Activity and Chemical Composition of Essential Oil From the Seeds of Artemisia aucheri Boiss