Geranyl acetate

Posted on November 5, 2025 by AyurvedicOils

Geranyl acetate is an organic compound that is present in the essential oils of Ceylon Citronella, Palmarosa, Geranium, Coriander, Neroli, Lemongrass, Petitgrain, Carrot and Sassafras. It is also obtained semi-synthetically by the condensation of Geraniol with acetic acid.

Geranyl acetate is a monoterpene with the chemical formula C₁₂H₂₀O₂. It is an ester which is also identified by various other names such as Geraniol acetate, Bay pine (oyster) oil, Geraniol ethanoate and so on.

Attributes of Geranyl acetate:

Geranyl acetate is a colorless transparent liquid. In the condensed form, Geranyl acetate is slightly pale yellow in colour. It has sweet lavender smell or floral or fruity smell of rose. It owns a tempting fruity taste similar to those of banana, pear, apple and peach. It is not soluble in water but it dissolves in organic solvents like oils and alcohol.

Antifungal and anti-inflammatory effect of Geranyl acetate:

A study titled “Composition and biological activity of the essential oil from Thapsia minor, a new source of geranyl acetate” was conducted to evaluate the biological activity of the essential oil from Thapsia minor which is a source of Geranyl acetate. It was found that Geranyl acetate exhibit antifungal and anti-inflammatory effect.. Further, it also acts as the main contributor of these attributes to the essential oil of Thapsia minor.

Antimicrobial effect:

According to the study “Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oils of Four Lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus Steud) Varieties“, the essential oils of four varieties of lemongrass and their constituents were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Salmonella typhi and two fungi, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus. It was found that Geranyl acetate was reasonably active against Staphylococcus aureus.

In another study titled, “Antimicrobial Activity and Chemical Composition of Essential Oil from the Seeds of Artemisia aucheri Boiss”, the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil in Artemisia aucheri Boiss was evaluated. It was found that Geraniol and Geranyl acetate found in the essential oils in the aerial parts of the plant are responsible for the antimicrobial activity of the oil.

Commercial Uses:

As a fragrant and flavouring agent:

Geranyl acetate finds its use in perfumery because of its sweet floral rose or lavender fragrance. It is used for its fragrance in soaps and creams and also as flavor enhancer. It is used in the formulation of rose, lavender and geranium flavors to impart a sweet fruity or citrus smell.

In the food industry:

In the food industry, it is used to enhance the flavor. It is recognised as safe to be used by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

References:

Sugandha Bala Essential Oil

Posted on November 5, 2025 by AyurvedicOils

Flowering plants are always appealing and Sugandha Bala, scientifically known as Pavonia Odorata is even more interesting with its natural healing values. It is an offspring of the mallow family, Malvaceae. Known as Sugandha Bala in native Indian sub-tropical areas, the roots and shoots of this plant are extremely aromatic. Ayurveda, the oldest of all healing sciences has recorded the use of Sugandha Bala herb and its essential oil as a natural cooling agent with stomachic properties. The most popular Ayurvedic fever drink known as Shadanga Paniya has a major composition of Sugandha Bala in it. It has been said that this powerful herb is often used in combination with other herbs to treat hemorrhage of the internal organs, inflammation, digestive disorders and fever.

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Therapeutic properties: The antimicrobial properties of this essential oil has made its use inevitable in Ayurveda for treating dysentery, inflammation and certain other intestinal infections. Sugandha Bala essential oil has carminative, antimicrobial, demulcent, cooling, diuretic, antispasmodic, antiprotozoal, astringent and diaphoretic properties. This oil also has strong anthelmintic activity against roundworms and tapeworms.

Traditional home remedies suggest the use of 2 teaspoons of fresh juice of the leaves of this plant along with black pepper for treating dysentery of babies. These leaves also have emollient properties and the fresh juice extracted from the leaves of Sugandha Bala herb was used for soothing and softening the skin.

Ayurvedic health benefits of Sugandha Bala essential oil: Sugandha Bala is an erect glandular-pubescent annual herb that grows up to 1m tall. This herb is indigenous to India (Uttar Pradesh, Orissa and Bihar), which is the birthplace of the ancient healing wisdom known as Ayurveda. The word ‘Ayurveda’ stands for knowledge of life. What makes Ayurveda the mother of all medical sciences is its simplicity and understanding about human beings and their entire constitution, which is nothing but the combination of physical, mental and emotional attributes of an individual. The main aim of Ayurveda is to grant holistic healing that not only stops with treating the illnesses but travels a step ahead in preventing it in the future also.

Ayurvedic system considers human beings as a part of nature and believes that they are made up of the five elements of nature namely fire, water, earth, air and ether. Every individual is considered unique and is believed that every one of us are made up of a specific set of energy elements or doshas. They are vata, pitta and kapha. These doshas are a combination of the five vital elements of nature. It is for this special reason Ayurveda grants specific treatment for each individual even if they have a common illness.

This environmental art trusts on natural remedies like herbs, essential oils extracted from plants, yoga, meditation, physical exercises, and a healthy lifestyle comprising an Ayurvedic routine for a hale and hearty life assuring longevity and healthy aging. Exploring the remedial values of herbs and essential oils highly help in perceiving their ability in treating several health conditions. The major health benefits of Sugandha Bala essential oil are:

Anti-microbial: Sugandha Bala essential oil has strong anti-microbial properties that are effective against harmful bacteria, fungi and certain other microbes. A 1992 research on ‘Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oil of Pavonia Odorata Wild’ by Doctor Hari Singh Gour University, India proved the microbes fighting ability of this essential oil. This was substantiated after testing Sugandha Bala essential oil for antifungal and antibacterial activity against thirteen fungi and ten bacteria (4 gram positive bacteria and 6 gram negative bacteria) by means of paper disc agar diffusion technique.

The results of this research highly recommended the use of Sugandha Bala essential oil for inhibiting the growth of all the test fungi and bacteria while this oil was stated ‘excellent against Gram (+ve) bacterium Diplococcus pneumonia and Gram (-ve) bacterium E.coli’. This report disclosed that “The oil was also found to inhibit the growth of keratinophilic fungi Trichophyton mentagreophytes and Chrysosporium indicum along with Aspergillus sp., Botrydiplodia sp. Fusarium solani etc”.

It also depicted the effectiveness of this oil against the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus which is responsible for wound and infections getting septic. This property makes Sugandha Bala essential oil as a promising antiseptic for treating cuts, sores, abrasions and certain other skin problems.

Other pharmacological actions: The intense study on the ‘Pharmacological screening of essential oil of Pavonia Odorata’ revealed that this essential oil contains a series of interesting pharmacological actions based on various parameters. When tested on a choice of living organisms, this oil caused relaxation in the rabbit’s intestine, created fall in blood pressure in anaesthetized dog, lessened the spasmogenic effect of acetylcholine and potassium and produced cardiac inhibition in the isolated heart of a frog.

Applications: With its excellent therapeutic properties, Sugandha Bala essential oil is used as an important ingredient in cosmetics, shampoos, conditioners, pomades, hair tonics, massage oils for rheumatism and much more. You can use this essential oil as a gentle massaging oil after blending it with mild carrier oils like olive oil for treating digestive disorders, pain, inflammation, infections, skin problems and rheumatism. Adding 2 to 3 drops of this oil to your bath tub can also grant you similar health benefits and alleviate pain. Using it in diffusers, air fresheners, burners and vaporizers can protect you from the invasion of harmful micro-organisms.

Disclaimer: This article is only for information purpose and do not use it as a substitute for prescribed medicines or Professional advice. Essential oils are highly concentrated and do not use them directly on your skin (use it after blending with carrier oils). Do not ingest essential oils and consult your Ayurvedic Practitioner before using essential oils for treating your health conditions.

Thought for the day:

God sleeps in the minerals, awakens in plants, walks in animals, and thinks in man. -Arthur Young

Suggested Reading:

The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Essential Oils: The Complete Guide to the Use of Oils in Aromatherapy & Herbalism by Julia Lawless
The Complete Book of Essential Oils and Aromatherapy: Over 600 Natural, Non-Toxic and Fragrant Recipes to Create Health – Beauty – a Safe Home Environment by Valerie Ann Worwood
Major Herbs of Ayurveda, 1e by Elizabeth M. Williamson BSc (Pharm) PhD MRPharmS FLS

Reference Links:

Nutmeg Essential Oil

Posted on November 5, 2025 by AyurvedicOils

Nutmeg enjoyed its sovereignty as worth its weight in gold in the European kingdom since the prehistoric period, especially for its effectiveness in treating plague. More than just a cheap and cheerful spice, Nutmeg has innumerable health benefits and can leave you in awe if you get to know its immense healing values. Indigenous to the Banda islands in the eastern Indonesia, this evergreen tree takes nearly 20 years to groom itself into a fully mature tree for fruiting.

The essential oil of Nutmeg is extracted by steam distillation method from the hard egg-like seeds of its fruit. Popularly known as Jatiphala in India, the birthplace of Ayurveda, Nutmeg and its essential oil have been used for treating fever, respiratory problems, headaches, digestive disorders, pain, bad breath, convulsions, inflammation and sleep disorders.

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Historical importance of Nutmeg:

History has a handful of things to talk about this magical herb also known as magic for its mind-blowing assistance to healthiness. Nutmeg was one among the most expensive herb in the European countries after being proved as a potential remedy to ward off plague in the Elizabethan times and was also used as a medicinal, preservative and flavoring agent. Botanically known as Myristica fragrans, Nutmeg slowly spread from Indonesia to Malaysia, India and other parts of the world including the Caribbean islands.

Nutmeg has its name etched in the works of the Roman writer, Pliny during the 1^st century and in the medicinal book written by Hildegard of Bingen, the first herbalist of the middle ages. It was initially the Arabian sailors who traded this herb to the Venetians and introduced to the Europeans in the middle ages.

Nutmeg was used to treat liver diseases and impotence in the Traditional Chinese Medicine. Ancient Arabians used it as an aphrodisiac and Nutmeg was used in the treatment of depression and anxiety in the Homeopathic medicine.

Egyptians used it for embalming and was used as incense by the Romans. It was also used as an ointment for treating hemorrhoids in the middle ages. Nutmeg is believed to be a symbol of health, money, loyalty and luck.

Chemical constituents or Gas Chromatography Report (GC) of Nutmeg oil:

According to the Gas chromatography report, Nutmeg oil constitutes of 25 chemical components that contribute to its fragrance, therapeutic attributes, consistency and quality of this oil. Of which, Sabinene contributes to the highest proportion of Nutmeg oil with about 24.0% of its total composition.

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I trust that this must certainly help you in getting to know the exclusive information about the prime chemical constituents of Nutmeg oil.

The table crafted below clearly depicts the unique nature and contributions of these bio-chemical constituents to the healing magnificence of Nutmeg essential oil.

Therapeutic properties of Nutmeg essential oil:

The remedial properties of this oil are antiseptic, digestive, laxative, emmenagogue, analgesic, anti-rheumatic, stimulant, carminative, antispasmodic, parturient, tonic, sedative, bactericide, anti-inflammatory and relaxant.

Ayurvedic health benefits of Nutmeg essential oil:

Known as Jaiphal in Hindi and Jatiphala in Sanskrit, Nutmeg is always a part of the spice boxes in every Indian kitchen. Nutmeg is one among those Grandma’s remedy for treating indigestion, cold, fever and headache. Even today, many people take whole Nutmegs just like candies as the fresh juice of this herb is said to ease the difficulties in respiration and absorption.

As a naturally warming spice, this herb is used in Ayurvedic cooking along with other spices like bay leaves, black pepper and cinnamon. Ayurvedic texts suggest the use of a pinch of Nutmeg powder in warm milk before going to bed to calm the nerves, stimulate the system and promote peaceful sleep. There are other numerous Ayurvedic remedies using Nutmeg and are still practiced in India.

Ayurveda is celebrated as the mother of all healing sciences mainly because of its healing wisdom since 5,000 years. This noble discipline trusts in healing an illness after identifying its root cause and aims at preventing it in the future. Ayurvedic treatments are unique for every individual based on their specific set of energy elements known as doshas. The three types of doshas are vata, pitta and kapha.

Vata represents air and controls metabolism, blood circulation, nervous functions, heartbeat, respiration, muscular movements, functions of the brain and eliminations from the body. Pitta stands for fire and governs digestion, thinking potential, body temperature, vision, mental and physical strength.

Kapha stands for earth and is responsible for muscular strength, stamina, energy and the power to repair and recover from illnesses. Every individual will have a predominance of any one of these doshas and imbalance between these doshas cause sickness.

Nutmeg herb and its essential oil is said to increase pitta thus assisting in digestive problems and pacify kapha and vata imbalances.

The Ayurvedic health benefits of Nutmeg essential oil are:

1. Assists digestive problems:

Pitta dosha is responsible for the digestive fire that aids in problem-free digestion and Nutmeg essential oil has the power to increase pitta thus helping with indigestion and other problems with digestion. Adding 5 to 6 drops of Nutmeg essential oil in warm bathing water or massaging your tummy with 3 drops of Nutmeg oil blended with warm sesame oil can aid in treating loss of appetite, nausea, diarrhea, flatulence, constipation, chronic vomiting and gallstones.

Bad breath or halitosis is not just an oral problem; it may be due to intestinal ulcers or harmful toxins in the body. Nutmeg with its antibacterial properties aids in killing a number of harmful bacteria in the mouth and helps eliminate the toxins from the body.

It soothes the stomach and intestines and assists in controlling bad breath and foul smell. Add 2 drops of Nutmeg essential oil in a cup of lukewarm water and use it as a gargle to assist with bad breath. You can also add 2 drops of this oil to your diffuser to regularize your metabolic functions and refresh your aura.

2. Acts as a tonic to the brain and mind:

Nutmeg essential oil augments the brain power and aids in improving concentration and memory skills. The presence of the chemical component myristicin in this oil has been proved to enhance memory power and restrain the growth of an enzyme in the brain, which is responsible for Alzheimer’s disorder.

Inhaling the unique spicy and musky aroma of Nutmeg essential oil by adding 2 drops to your diffuser or to your hankie can bring in self-confidence, encouragement, efficiency and spontaneity. This aids in enhancing your performance at work and in studies.

Adding 4 to 5 drops in bathing water helps alleviate stress, fatigue, anxiety and mental exhaustion by stimulating the functions of the brain and the sensory nerves. The deep and enriching aroma of Nutmeg oil has a thoughtful impact on our feelings and emotions. Using 2 drops of Nutmeg essential oil in your diffuser during meditation will grant you the power to resist, recover and relive your life’s most meaningful moments.

3. Alleviates pain and inflammation:

Nutmeg essential oil is banked upon for its effectiveness in relieving all kinds of pain and inflammation in the body. When gently massaged onto the affected area with 2 to 3 drops of Nutmeg oil along with coconut oil, it is known to enhance blood circulation and clear the blocked passages causing pain and swelling. With all these powers, Nutmeg is yet another perfect choice for treating rheumatic pain where pain, inflammation and improper circulation join hands with.

The most popular sports science consultant to athletes in Malaysia, Mr. Fadhil Omar makes use of Nutmeg essential oil on stroke patients and for sports injuries. When he worked with Chelsea Football Club, he said “Nutmeg oil used to be very expensive and was only used to treat members of royal families. I spent three months in India studying the use of nutmeg. It is certainly good for muscle cramps and stiffness of joints.”

This oil is also helpful in treating muscular pain, nerve pain, gout, arthritis and rheumatic pain when applied topically or used in hot compress. With its emmenagogue properties, this oil aids in normalizing irregular periods, blocked menstruation, pain, fatigue and nausea during menstruation.

All you need to do is to put on 4 drops of Nutmeg oil to your bath tub or massage gently on your abdomen along with sesame oil for instant relief. It is also known as an effective oil for treating toothache, strengthening gums and reducing the swelling due to toothache with the presence of the eugenol component. Add 1 drop of Nutmeg oil to cotton swab and apply it around the gums of the aching tooth.

4. Serves as a natural sleeping aid:

Nutmeg has been used as a natural sleeping aid for centuries together for its soothing, sedative, calming and relaxing properties. When massaged gently on your body with 5 to 6 drops of Nutmeg oil along with coconut oil followed by a warm bath with 3 drops of Nutmeg oil in your bath tub can help you in calming your senses, alleviating depression, soothing your nerves, enhancing your blood circulation, improving the quality of your sleep and making your dreams more passionate and vibrant. You can also add 2 drops of Nutmeg oil to a tissue and place it besides your pillows for inducing peaceful sleep.

Other health benefits:

Nutmeg essential oil is also effective in treating frigidity, impotence and is said to increase the libido in both the sexes. It also aids in treating kidney infections and helps dissolve kidney stones.

Nutmeg is also known as a liver tonic and aids in eliminating the toxins from the liver. It is also effectual in treating cold, cough, fever and other respiratory problems like asthma. You can add 2 drops of this oil in steam inhalation for effective relief from respiratory problems. Nutmeg essential oil is also used in making soaps, cosmetics, incense, perfumes, after shave lotions, vicks vaporub, cough syrups, breathing inhalers and dental creams.

Disclaimer:

Never use essential oils internally and always dilute in suitable carrier oils before using it topically. Nutmeg essential oil is abortifacient in nature and should strictly be avoided by pregnant women. This article is only for informational purpose and is not meant to replace any prescription drugs or professional advice. Always consult your Ayurvedic practitioner before using appropriate essential oils for your specific health conditions.

The MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet) of Nutmeg oil is readily available for your enhanced safety and better usage.

Gas Chromatography Report (GC analysis) of Nutmeg oil.

Thought for the day:

In all things of nature there is something of the marvelous. -Aristotle

Suggested Reading:

RELEASING THE HIDDEN POTENT POWERS OF NUTMEG!: Discover Exactly How To Unleash All The Wonderful Benefits Of This Powerful Plus All Natural Nutmeg Skin … Remedies (The Kitchen Cupboard Series) by Isabelle Wilcox
The Way of Ayurvedic Herbs: A Contemporary Introduction and Useful Manual for the World’s Oldest Healing System by Karta Purkh Singh Khalsa, Michael Tierra
Alternative Medicine Definitive Guide to Arthritis: Reverse Underlying Causes of Arthritis With Clinically Proven Alternative Therapies Second Edition by Ellen Kamhi, Eugene R. Zampierson
Ayurveda & Aromatherapy: The Earth Essential Guide to Ancient Wisdom and Modern Healing by Dr. Light Miller, Dr. Bryan Miller

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