Ajowan Oil

Posted on June 18, 2025 by AyurvedicOils

Ajowan is a spicy little wonder that has colossal healing values and has been recognized as a ‘hub of remedies’ by the most commendable medical geniuses of the world like Acharya Charaka, Dioscorides, Galen, Sushruta and Avicenna.

Have you ever chewed the fresh peppery Ajowan leaves? If not, I would strongly recommend you to do that when you come across such an amazing opportunity. Yes! I’ve tasted those zesty leaves and the instant newness and direct energy that it transfers to your soul and your system is simply out of the world!!!

Highly acclaimed as one among the best digestive aid for its excellent carminative properties, Ajowan or Ajwain has been a part of the Indian traditional regimen and is also used as a popular spice. Botanically termed as Trachyspermum Ammi or Trachyspermum copticum, Ajwain resembles cumin, fennel, caraway and smells like thyme.

Called as Yamani or Dipyaka in Sanskrit, Ajwain and its essential oil have been used in Ayurvedic medicine for treating digestive disorders, gastro-intestinal problems, bronchitis, pharyngitis, asthmatic attacks, impotency, rheumatic pain, migraine, amenorrhea, ulcer and chronic cough. It has also been employed as a powerful respiratory stimulant and tonic for the heart and kidneys.

Purchase Ajowan Seed Oil – Retail – 4 oz – CLICK HERE

Purchase Ajowan Oil – Wholesale – 1 kg – CLICK HERE

Historical significance and uses of Ajowan and its essential oil:

Ajowan is an herb of absolute marvel since the pre-historic period in various traditional provinces of the world like the Indian traditional medicine, including Ayurveda, the Greek traditional medicine and the Persian traditional medicine, including Unani.

The brownish gray fruit pods or seeds of this plant are regarded for nutritional and medical uses. Ajowan is found growing extensively in India, Iran, Pakistan, Egypt, Afghanistan and few other Mediterranean countries.

Ajowan is often the most cherished herb in the Ayurvedic medication for its positive effect on the digestive system, respiratory tract, plasma, nervous system and the bone marrows.

Known as ‘Ajwain Ark’ in Ayurveda, Ajowan or Omam water, the medicated tonic extracted from these seeds is often an instant remedy for addressing diarrhea, colic, indigestion, atonic dyspepsia, cholera, indigestion and flatulence. Due to its mild and proven effectiveness, this medicated water is recommended for everyone including babies and aged people.

Even today, Ajowan oil and other remedial extracts of these little seeds are used in many parts of India, Pakistan, Iran and many other medieval provinces for treating earaches, stomach problems, difficulties in digestion, menstrual disorders, breathing problems and urinary infections.

The oil of Ajowan is an important source of thymol, the most powerful therapeutic ingredient known for its antiseptic, antimicrobial, anesthetic and pain-relieving qualities. It is for this property, Ajowan seeds were exported in large quantities to USA, Germany and many other European countries before the World War I and during the World War II.

Chewing Ajowan seeds with betel leaves have been suggested in the traditional and folklore medicine for treating dry cough, dyspepsia and flatulence. Mixed with hot water, these seeds are effective in treating chest pain, nasal congestion, bronchitis, whooping cough, cold, sore throat, pharyngitis and asthma.

Mixed with butter milk, Ajowan is acclaimed as the best digestive aid for stomach upset and indigestion. Few Ajowan seeds with honey for a week have been recommended for alleviating pain and urinary infections associated with kidney stones.

The Traditional Persian Medicine has used Ajwain seeds since the pre-historic period as an aid for curing earaches, paralysis, liver spleen, abdominal cramps, renal calculi, pleurisy, leucoderma, chronic fever, cough, neurological disorders, nausea and reflux. It was also used as an aphrodisiac, antidote for numerous toxic agents along with various pharmacological uses.

Ajowan seeds are also used for culinary purposes, especially for its enhanced effect on promoting quicker digestion.

Therapeutic properties and chemical components of Ajowan oil:

As mentioned earlier, Ajowan is a hub of various nutrients and its resulting remedial values. These seeds contain iron, calcium, thiamine, niacin, carotene, riboflavin, phosphorus and fiber.

Ajowan essential oil extracted from these seeds through steam distillation process possess about 50% of thymol along with dipentene, carvacrol, p-cymene, a-terpinene, limonene, a-pinene, styrene, b-phyllanderene, carvone and dillapiole.

The promising therapeutic attributes of Ajowan oil are carminative, anti-bacterial, diuretic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, nematicidal, antiviral, germicidal, anti-hypertensive, anesthetic, antiseptic, anti-ulcer, stimulant, aphrodisiac, bronchodilatory, antitussive, hepatoprotective, antispasmodic, expectorant, anti-platelet, antihyperlipidemic, antifungal, analgesic, insecticidal, anthelmintic, antioxidant, spermicidal and estrogenic.

Ayurvedic health benefits of Ajowan essential oil:

Ayurveda is the most popular and the most thriving talk of the town, especially in the Western world. This world means “the knowledge or science of life”.

The initial traces of Ayurvedic science is said to have its existence for more than 5,000 years and has been an influencing medical system for all other healing sciences on the globe including the Traditional Chinese Medicine, Unani medicine, Homeopathy, Chiropractic, Acupressure, Siddha and the medicinal writings by Hippocrates, Avicenna and many more.

Ayurveda is a part of Atharvaveda, one among the 4 Vedic or sacred books of the Indian tradition. It was further illuminated with the writings of the ancient Ayurvedic physicians, Acharya Charaka and Acharya Sushruta, namely Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita and Ashtanga Hridaya.

These Ayurvedic encyclopedias throw light on the management and the therapeutic information of a vast pool of health conditions, where the most complex caesarean delivery and plastic surgery methods were talked about before thousands of years, sans the existence of modern medical equipments or clinical methodologies.

Celebrated as the most comprehensive healing system in the world, Ayurveda simply states that illness is the symbol that the body is not in harmony with nature. Disharmony with the natural environment ends up in diseases. Ayurvedic system of healing focuses on re-establishing the self’s harmony with that of the environment, where the root causes of the diseases are diagnosed and it is prevented in the future as well.

Every individual and every disease is regarded as a unique entity in Ayurveda as it is a common-sense science that follows the principle that no two persons or no two diseases are the same. As no illness affects two people in the same way, Ayurveda believes that no two remedies are exactly alike. So every individual and every disease in an individual is treated in a unique manner.

Ayurvedic healing attempts to understand the nature of a person, the nature of the disease and the nature of the medication. This philosophy states that everything in this world including human beings are made up of five elements namely space, earth, water, air and fire.

Every individual has a unique individual constitution known as prakriti and is determined during the conception of the child itself. It is a combination of 3 biological energies or doshas namely vata (space and air), pitta (fire and water) and kapha (water and earth). These doshas are a representation of the five elements.

Every person has a predominance of any one of these doshas and it acts as the determining factor for an individual’s personality, character and behavioral traits.

Absolute balance between these doshas indicates health and heartiness. Doshic imbalances and inequalities within the body due to various factors like the lifestyle of a person, changes in habits, environment, food, climatic conditions and indulgent activities are thoroughly learned before prescribing medications.

Ayurvedic therapies include the prescription of herbs, Ayurvedic essential oils, yoga, simple physical exercises, meditation, Ayurvedic routine, Panchakarma or the detoxifying technique, Abhyanga or Ayurvedic massaging, prayers and certain other lifestyle changes.

Ajwain is an excellent Ayurvedic remedy for pacifying kapha and vata doshas and augments pitta dosha. ‘Ajwain ka phool’ is a famous Ayurvedic remedy in India where the crystallized Thymol is said to heal numerous illnesses.

The key Ayurvedic health benefits of Ajowan essential oil are:

1. Potent cleanser and a promising digestive aid:

Ajowan is a time-tested natural remedy for treating digestive problems ranging from flatulence to intestinal parasites. The essential oil of Ajowan has proven anthelmintic and nematicidal properties that help in curtailing the growth of intestinal parasites and other harmful pathogens that affect the normal functioning of the digestive system.

A 2012 study on “Trachyspermum ammi” by Ranjan Bairwa, R. S. Sodha, and B. S. Rajawat School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, published in PubMed, NCBI has witnessed that the “Anthelmintic activity of T. ammi shows its effect against specific helminths, e.g. Ascaris lumbricoides in humans and possess cholinergic activity with peristaltic movements of the gut, thus helping in expulsion of intestinal parasites.”

It further reports that the presence of thymol and carvacrol constituents in Ajowan essential oil is responsible for its nematicidal activity, thus proving its effectiveness against PWN bodies (Pinewood Nematode bodies that mainly cause problems like Pine Wilt disease).

Ajowan essential oil also has fungicide, microbial and germicide properties that make its use inevitable in the healing of ailments like intestinal dysbiosis. The most advantageous fact is that it curtails the growth of harmful pathogens without disturbing the helpful flora in the digestive system.

The digestive stimulant, carminative, anti-ulcer, anthelmintic, antispasmodic, antimicrobial, anti-flatulent, detoxification and gastro-protective properties of Ajowan oil add true colors to its digestive benefits.

Abhyanga or the ability of maneuvering the human body through massaging in an Ayurvedic manner is one among the best ways to use essential oils for therapeutic purposes. This is due to the known fact that skin is the largest organ of the human system and any kind of medication applied to the skin easily penetrates and reaches the blood stream, where the remedial process is transmitted in a jiffy.

Massaging your abdomen with 2 drops of Ajowan oil along with 2 drops of Dill seed oil in a blend of 2 ml of Sesame oil can help in cleansing the microbes in the stomach and intestines, stimulate digestion, relieve flatulence and gas pain, eliminate toxic remains and alleviate distention and ulcer pain.

Inhaling the spicy aroma of this strong herbal oil by adding 1 drop to your hankie or added to your diffuser can enhance your appetite, help reduce nausea and stimulate the secretion of gastric acids, bile and other digestive juices. You can also add 2 drops of Ajwain oil in warm bathing water for enhancing the bowel movements and for soothing the digestive system.

2. Trusted remedy for cholera and diarrhea:

Ajowan has gentle effects on the stomach lining and the intestinal walls, for which it has been recommended since the pre-historic period even for tender babies to relieve colic, stomach pain, diarrhea and vomiting.

Ajowan water is the first thing that comes to rescue in almost all the traditional Indian families for dysentery, diarrhea and colic pain as it immediately arrests the sickening loose stools.

The antimicrobial, antifungal, soothing, stimulant, anti-colic and antifilarial effects of this wonder herb aids in soothing the intestines, regularizing the bowel movements, lessening pain and killing the harmful microbes and other foreign bodies responsible for such digestive mayhems.

Gently massage your tummy with 2 drops of Ajowan oil with and 2 drops of Caraway oil along with 2 ml of coconut oil for relieving from chronic colic, diarrhea, nausea, intestinal infections, pain, dysentery and the early stages of cholera. 1 to 2 drops of Ajowan oil added to warm or cold compress can also support the healing process.

3. Relieves asthma, bronchitis and other respiratory conditions:

As a highly rich source of macro as well as micro-nutrients, Ajowan essential oil supports the body in withstanding the attack of seasonal health problems like flu, cough, cold and fever.

Ajowan has expectorant property that aids in relieving cough and cold while supporting in the elimination of mucus and phlegm deposits in the lungs and the respiratory passages. This assists in treating asthma, bronchitis, chronic cold, whooping cough and many such respiratory conditions.

A 2013 study on “An Overview of Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi) Pharmacological effects; Modern and Traditional by Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran published in the Journal of Natural Remedies”, states that Ajowan seeds possess antitussive and bronchodilatory effects.

The results of various studies in this regards prove that “Ajwain seeds revealed significant reduction of cough number which may be a result of its potent antitussive effect” and “the relaxant and bronchodilatory effect of essential oil fractions may be due to the amount of Carvacrol and it has a relatively bronchodilatory effect on asthmatic airways compared to the effect of Theophylline concentrations used”.

Adding 2 drops of Ajowan oil in steam inhalation can help you sweat out all your toxic remains in the body along with the microbes worsening your respiratory problems. It does this so spontaneously with its enormous diaphoretic values that increases perspiration and promotes the discarding of toxins through the skin.

Massaging your foot soles with 2 drops of Ajowan oil mixed with 1 drop of Black Cumin Seed oil and 1.5 ml coconut oil can work like a magic in reducing your fever with its antiseptic, febrifuge and immune-enhancing properties.

Mixing 1 drop of Ajowan oil in a cup of warm water and gargling with this medicated water has been proven effective in relieving toothache, hoarseness of voice, sore throat, pharyngitis along with infectious and congested throat.

Gently massaging your forehead, throat, chest and back with 2 drops of Ajowan oil blended with 1 drop of Clove oil and 1 drop of Thyme oil and 2 ml of Sweet Almond oil can help in relieving the symptoms of cold including runny or stuffed nose, itchy and watery eyes, headache, chest or nasal congestion, fatigue and breathing difficulties.

This also aids in promoting good sleep as the therapeutic agent, Thymol present in Ajowan oil works like an anesthetic agent that fights against bacteria, virus and fungal infections and enhances the body’s relaxing mechanism.

4. Dissolves kidney stones and treats urinary infections:

Ajowan is simply an excellent Ayurvedic essential oil for relieving pain and other discomforts of kidney stones and infections caused in the urinary system.

Ajowan has enormous cleansing values with its diuretic and lithotriptic properties. Adding 2 drops of Ajowan oil in warm bathing water along with massaging your lower abdomen and back with 4 drops of Ajowan oil mixed with 2 drops of Cumin oil and 5 ml of sesame oil increases the frequency and quantity of urination through which the toxic remains, salt, fat, uric acid and other harmful substances causing urinary infections and renal calculi are eliminated.

This also helps in influencing the normal functions of the urinary bladder and kidneys, which support in dissolving the formation of calculi or stones in the kidneys and gall bladder. Half teaspoon of powdered Ajwain seeds along with 1 teaspoon of pure honey taken in empty stomach every morning for two weeks regularly is a folklore remedy for treating urinary problems and renal calculi.

5. Alleviates rheumatic pain and inflammatory conditions:

According to Ayurveda, rheumatism is often a vitiation of kapha dosha. It ends up in amassing of excess water in the system glued with toxic remains, salt, fat deposits, uric acid and free radicals, especially in the joints. As a strong and warm essential oil, Ajowan has kapha reducing attributes that helps in draining out the excess deposits of water along with its detrimental remains through sweat and urination.

Free radicals are generally caused by the oxidation of bio molecules including carbohydrate, lipid, protein, and nucleic acid. These free radicals trigger chain reactions within the cellular structure and are often the reason behind cellular damage, leading to chronic health conditions like rheumatism and cancer. Antioxidants protect the cells from damage by fighting against these free radicals.

A 2013 research on “Evaluation of antioxidant activity of essential oil from Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi) seeds by the Department of Biotechnology, The IIS University, SFS, India, published in the International Journal of Green Pharmacy substantiates “the essential oil of Ajwain could contribute as a highly significant bio resource of antioxidants to be used in our day-to-day life in food and pharmaceutical industry”.

With its diuretic properties, Ajowan oil enhances the quality and quantity of urination through which the accumulated water deposits in the joints and muscles are discarded. Massaging the affected parts with 5 drops of Ajowan oil along with 2 drops of Thyme oil, 3 drops of Fennel oil and 5 ml of Evening primrose oil can aid in relieving pain with its enormous analgesic properties and combat against the toxic remains in the system, thus helping in the treatment of arthritis and rheumatic conditions.

6. Normalizes the heart functions:

Ajowan as a herb is a powerful heart tonic and a proven pain killer. Grandmother’s traditional remedy for heartache and certain other heart problems includes Ajowan seeds, where 1 teaspoon of these stimulant seeds are recommended for use along with hot water for relieving heart pain and for promoting the normal functions of the heart.

Ajowan is said to contain thymol compound and vitamin niacin, both of which are known to regularize the functioning of the heart, called as the center of the human functions. Massaging your chest area with 2 drops of Ajowan oil blended with 1 ml of coconut oil can promote health blood circulation in the heart by enhancing the functions of the nerve impulses.

7. Supports the reproductive system:

Ajowan seeds and its essential oil are known for its excellent health benefits for both the male and female reproductive system. With its established aphrodisiac properties, Ajowan oil is known for enhancing virility and the secretion of estrogen and progesterone hormones.

It was used as a cleansing Ayurvedic remedy for rinsing out the uterus during the post-delivery period. Massaging your lower abdomen, thighs and around your genital area with 2 drops of Ajowan oil mixed with 2 ml of Jojoba oil can stimulate the secretion of reproductive hormones in both men and women and promotes blood circulation in the reproductive system.

This can aid in treating premature ejaculation, impotence, loss of sexual interest, lower count and quality of sperm in men. This is also said to treat female reproductive problems like menstrual menaces including painful periods, excessive bleeding, female infertility, blocked or irregular menstruation and menopausal problems. It was also used as a galactogogue for promoting the secretion of milk in nursing mothers.

Adding 2 drops of Ajowan oil to your bathing tub or to your diffuser, especially during the night time relieves fatigue, mood fluctuations and sleeping difficulties. Isn’t it a great idea to fuel up your monotonous life? Yes it is!!!

Other health benefits:

Apart from these major remedial uses, Ajowan and its essential oil are recommended in traditional medication for treating inflammatory conditions, paralysis, diabetes mellitus, neuralgic pain, venomous bites, acidity, amenorrhea, liver problems, earache, skin problems like ringworm, blackheads, pimples, rashes and scars and certain other health conditions.

Disclaimer:

This information is only for the use of education and is not meant to treat or diagnose any health condition or substitute any professional advice or prescribed medications. We are not Doctors or other medical professionals and this article is an outcome of our study on the internet and books. It is shared only to enlighten the glory of the world’s oldest healing system, Ayurveda, also acclaimed as the Mother of all medical sciences on earth.

Never ingest essential oils. Topical application is recommended in a diluted form as direct use on the skin may cause allergic reactions, mainly because of the fact that unadulterated and organic essential oils are highly concentrated liquids. Care should be taken if you are a nursing mother or carrying. Keep out of reach of children.

It is always advisable to seek the guidance of your Ayurvedic physician or healthcare expert before choosing the appropriate essential oils for your unique individual constitution and medical condition.

Thought for the day:

Dreams are the seeds of change. Nothing ever grows without a seed, and nothing ever changes without a dream. – Debby Boone.

Suggested Reading:

Ayurvedic Medicine: The Principles of Traditional Practice by Sebastian Pole
Antioxidant Properties of Spices, Herbs and Other Sources by Denys J. Charles
Healing through Ayurveda Herbs: in your kitchen garden by Dr Sonica Krishan
The Encyclopedia of Essential Oils: The Complete Guide to the Use of Aromatic Oils In Aromatherapy, Herbalism, Health, and Well Being by Julia Lawless
Practice of Ayurveda by Swami Sivananda

Reference Links:

Cajeput Oil

Posted on June 16, 2025 by AyurvedicOils

Cajeput essential oil owns the scent of purity and is an excellent haemostatic, analgesic and a proven natural remedy for respiratory problems.

Traditionally being used in long precedence to treat cold, chronic rheumatism, flu and infections related to sinus and respiratory tracts, Cajeput essential oil owes its extraction to the leaves of Cajeput trees through the process of steam distillation. Botanically called as Melaleuca cajuputi, the word Cajeput is originated from the Malay word ‘kaju putih’ which means ‘white wood’.

Known as Katupruhi in Ayurveda, Cajeput and its essential oil are being used in the traditional healing system for treating muscular pain, neuralgia, rheumatism, urinary tract infections, insect bites and stings, intestinal parasites, headache, joint pain, abdominal cramps, burns, intestinal inflammation, ear infections, oral problems, colic and psoriasis.

Purchase Cajeput Essential Oil – Retail – 4 oz – CLICK HERE

Purchase Cajeput Essential Oil – Wholesale – CLICK HERE

Historical uses and importance of Cajeput and its essential oil:

Renowned for their pointed leaves, exotic flowers, flexible trunk and attractive white bark, Cajeput trees bear their nativity to the South Asian countries and are now widely distributed in Australia, Malay Archipelago and Malay Peninsula, with Indonesia and Vietnam being the principal producers of Cajeput essential oil.

With an unusual and stimulating aroma like that of cardamom, camphor and rosemary, Cajeput essential oil earns the gratitude of extensive usage in the traditional healing systems. Bearing resemblances to Tea tree, Cajeput trees are found prevalently in Malaysia and are called as White tea tree in certain occasions.

Well known for its resistance to forest fire, Cajeput trees are small, tidy and attractive with long-life. The aromatic white flowers of these trees, in addition to contributing to the essential oil also aid in the production of flavored honey by attracting the honey bees resulting in good yield. This property attracted the beekeepers of Florida who were the ones to introduce this tree to the United States.

Being portrayed as an oil of mystical powers, Cajeput essential oil is believed to protect against all kinds of evil powers and is used in cleansing the ritual objects and idols. With its spiritual powers that targets the consciousness of a person, Cajeput oil helps in reverting the mind from addictions to uncontrollable habits such as alcohol, smoking etc.

Ritually used in Australia, Indonesia and Malaysia for its beneficial attributes such as antiseptic and analgesic in treating chronic rheumatism, cold and flu, it was introduced to Europe in the 17^th century as a natural aid for almost all types of ailments ranging from infections affecting respiratory tract to urinary tract.

Ayurveda employs Cajeput essential oil for its anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, antifungal, anti-bacterial and anodyne properties in holistic healing of dyspepsia, stomachic disorders, influenza, rheumatism, cold, cholera, burns, asthma, yeast infections, colic, toothache, parasites in intestines, tumors and even as an insecticide.

The utilization of Cajeput essential oil in some of the renowned liniments such as tiger Balm and Olbas is just enough to prove the analgesic attribute of this oil. As an effective antimicrobial agent, it is used in skincare and in the manufacture of soaps, cosmetics, perfumes and disinfectants.

Chemical constituents and therapeutic properties of Cajeput essential oil:

With cineol as the primary component, Cajeput essential oil comprises mainly of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and hydrocarbons, which include alpha pinene, limonene, caryophyllene, beta pinene, alpha terpineol, terpineol, cymene, alpha terpinene-4-ol, linalool, gamma terpinene, nerolidol, geranyl acetone, ketone, benzaldehyde, cajeputene hydrate, cajuputol, eucalyptol and myrcene.

The eminent therapeutic attributes of Cajeput essential oil are antipyretic, carminative, anti-neuralgic, analgesic, disinfectant, antispasmodic, diaphoretic, tonic, antiseptic, expectorant, emmenagogue, stimulant, anthelmintic, cosmetic, anti-bacterial, decongestant, febrifuge, sudorific and insecticide.

Ayurvedic Health Benefits of Cajeput essential oil:

Ayurveda simply means ‘the knowledge of life’. This oldest healing system trusts that the real wisdom of mankind rests in the knowledge about our system, which is the best wonder of this world.

Human mind and body work in a miraculous manner and Ayurvedic healing insists that this system is built up with the same five elements with which nature is made up of. They are fire, water, earth, air and space.

Earth represents bones and muscles, fire represents agni or the heat energy in the body, water represents blood and other fluids, air represents the breathing mechanism and space is the soul that keeps us alive.

Every individual is made up of a unique individual constitution that comprises three dynamic forces or biological energies known as doshas. They are vata, pitta and kapha dosha. These doshas are nothing but a representation of the five elemental forces of nature.

Vata is a combination of air and space and is in charge for nervous functions, circulation and respiratory functions. Fire and water put together forms Pitta dosha, which is responsible for metabolic functions and body temperature.

Kapha dosha is a representation of water and earth and contributes to physical structure, sustenance and reproductive health. Every human being has a majority of any one of these doshas and this predominance decides one’s personality, behavioral traits and attributes.

Ayurvedic philosophy strongly believes that absolute health of human beings exclusively depend upon one’s harmony with nature. Perfect balance between these doshas depending upon the unique individual constitution signifies health and imbalance of doshas causes illnesses.

Ayurveda prescribes natural remedies like herbs, plant essential oils, simple physical exercises, prayers, meditation, Ayurvedic routine, yoga, Abhyanga (the art of Ayurvedic massaging) and Pranayama for correcting the doshic imbalances.

Cajeput essential oil reduces kapha and vata dosha, in excess cases and increases pitta energy.

Let’s have a look at the Ayurvedic health benefits of Cajeput essential oil.

1. Assuages respiratory ailments:

Numerous bacteria, viruses and fungi are always on the urge to cause infectious diseases that primarily target the respiratory tract with an array of ailments affecting mankind such as bronchitis, sore throat, flu, cold, ear infections, tightness in chest, laryngitis, blocked nose, mild fever, sinus and cough; Cajeput essential oil plays an important role in stopping the advent of these harmful microbes and protects the system from all types of respiratory ailments.

With its deep penetrating aroma with a rich eucalyptol note, Cajeput essential oil is a renowned cure for sinus that it has always been an unavoidable element in most of the medications that alleviate health problems associated with sinus. Just inhaling 2 drops of this essential oil added to steam inhalation, can provide instant relief from headache, blocked nose, sinus pain and makes you feel tranquil in a matter of minutes.

Excess of kapha dosha is responsible for deposits of mucus and phlegm in the respiratory tract, lungs and nasal passages. With its power to reduce kapha dosha, Cajeput essential oil helps in breaking up even heavy deposits of mucus accumulated in the respiratory organs and assists in excreting it from the body through coughing and aids in lessening the symptoms of chronic bronchitis and laryngitis.

As an effective antibacterial agent, it helps in fighting against infections and works as a decongestant, suitable to be used as an inhaler for cold and sinus. Moreover, as a natural anti-inflammatory agent it helps in reducing inflammations due to infections in the respiratory tracts such as larynx, pharynx and the bronchi.

Adding 2 drops of this oil in warm bathing water and massaging your throat, chest and back with 2 drops of Cajeput oil, 2 drops of Eucalyptus oil mixed with vaporizing ointment can help in relieving nasal congestion, cough, cold, bronchial congestion, blocked nasal passages and chest congestion.

Cajeput oil has a warming effect and is a must to have oil in your first aid kit. 1 to 2 drops of this added to your diffuser during winter can keep you away from infections and grant you a safe environment to live in. It induces the sweat glands and promotes sweating and helps in lowering high body temperature and is also effective in alleviating fever associated with cold and pain in the body.

2. Effective insecticide and termicide:

Insects, especially the mosquitoes are always the sure shot carriers of some dreadful diseases such as malaria, filaria, dengue and chickungunya. With no specific vaccines or antiviral treatment available for the viral diseases such as chikungunya and dengue spread by mosquitoes, actions taken to control the mosquito population remains as the only means of preventing these frightful ailments.

A 2012 research article on the study of “The pesticidal and insecticidal activity of Cajeput essential oil” reveals the fact that it is effective against the mosquito species Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, which remain as the primary vectors of dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever.

Numerous natural phyto-chemicals found in this essential oil effectively function in interrupting the neurotransmitter in mosquitoes by acting as a reversible inhibitor of acetyl cholinesterase, resulting in the knockdown of these unsafe insects. Applying 2 drops of Cajeput oil to your mild skin care cream or lotion can help in keeping you away from mosquito bites.

Moreover, Cajeput oil is a natural source of antifungal and anti-microbial properties, which makes it toxic to the fungi spoiling the woods and highly toxic to the termites thus proving beneficial in the manufacture of wood preservatives and natural insecticide for controlling termites. 4 to 5 drops of this oil added to household cleaner or disinfectant can be sprayed on doors, windows and furniture items for protecting them from termites and other insects.

In addition to its insecticidal and pesticidal attributes, Cajeput essential oil actively extinguishes the parasites such as lice and fleas and thus it is recommended to use 2 drops of this mystical oil to shampoos for hair wash. It can also be added to brushes used for pets for a gentle comb that frees your pets from flees and other insects.

3. Aids in maintaining oral health:

Cajeput essential oil holds the glory of its traditional usage for quick relief from toothache and other oral health issues. With α-terpineol and terpinen-4-ol greatly contributing to the anti-bacterial and the antifungal activity of Cajeput essential oil, this oil acts as a quick extinguisher of all the harmful bacteria found in the mouth and other oral cavities. Linalool acts a mild analgesic with tranquilizing properties that makes Cajeput oil to bring quick relief for all tooth and gum related pains.

Just adding 1 drop of Cajeput oil to a cotton ball and keeping it on the affected area can work wonders, resulting in instant relief from pain and toothache. It is for this reason; Cajeput essential oil has been used in dentistry in treating gingivitis and to alleviate pain in the gum after removal of a tooth.

Furthermore, as an anti bacterial agent, this oil kills all the harmful microbes and various other compounds causing bad breath and assists in alleviating the symptoms of halitosis. Numerous oral products such as tooth paste, mouth wash and mouth fresheners involve the utilization of Cajeput essential oil for its long lasting freshness and oral benefits.

In the book ‘Ayurveda and Aromatherapy’, Bryan Miller and Light Miller say, “Cajeput can be used in a gargle along with sandalwood oil for sore throat; recipe 1 drop Cajeput oil, 1 drop sandalwood oil in half cup water, mix well and gargle. This has been used with success by many singers who have lost their voice through a combination of stress and colds.”

4. Excellent pain reliever:

With numerous pain-relieving properties, Cajeput oil stands special for its excellent analgesic and soothing attributes. Comprising of limonene and a-terpineol as the best pain-reducing agents, Cajeput essential oil is used to treat all kinds of pain ranging from headache, toothache and many more.

Rich in soothing, anti-inflammatory and anti-neuralgic attributes, Cajeput essential oil is indeed a blessing for those who suffer with Neuralgia – a condition that causes severe pain to the whole oral zone including ears, tonsils, throat, pharynx and larynx.

It helps in relaxing the blood vessels and reduces the pressure on the glossopharyngeal nerve and alleviates the symptoms of neuralgia. Cineole in Cajeput oil produces a warming effect on the surface to which the oil is applied and results in relieving the pain beneath the skin.

Widely prescribed in Ayurveda and other Complementary and alternative medicinal practices for treating rheumatism and arthritis, Cajeput essential oil helps in alleviating pain in addition to lessening the inflammation. As an eminent diuretic, this oil aids in maintaining the fluid level in the body and drains out excess water along with other impurities such as acids, fats etc. by inducing perspiration and increasing the frequency of urination thus treating inflammations due to excess water stagnation caused by increased kapha dosha.

Cajeput oil plays an important role in aromatherapy along with camphor oil and is used in Ayurvedic massaging to reduce body pain caused by gout, arthritis and rheumatism. Being an invaluable ingredient in the Indonesian traditional medicine – Minyak Telon and serving as a natural pain killer, Cajeput oil is full of explicit benefits to everyone, especially to those who work on laptops and desktops and remain the victims of back pain, neck pain and stress.

Massaging the painful or affected parts with 2 drops of Cajeput oil, 2 drops of Rosemary oil, 2 drops of Eucalyptus oil, 2 drops of Camphor oil, 2 drops of Juniper oil blended with 5 ml of coconut oil is an excellent remedy for alleviating joint pain, muscular distress, back pain, arthritic pain, rheumatic pain, headache, muscular tension and much more.

5. Proven effective in skin care:

The presence of chemically antibacterial agents such as terpinen-4-ol, 1, 8 cineol, linalool and alpha-terpineol contribute to the antibacterial attribute of Cajeput essential oil, making it a best antiseptic and skin care product.

Applying 2 drops of Cajeput oil mixed with your skin care cream or lotion can be of great help in treating acne, boils, cuts, wounds, burns, psoriasis and fungal infections caused by tinea versicolor and mites due to scabies, has yielded promising results proving the efficacy of this oil in the field of dermatology.

It helps in removing the toxins, regulates the production of sebum by inducing the sebaceous glands and helps in treating acne, carbuncles and heals the damaged tissues that have turned red due to abscesses.

The high antibacterial and germicidal activity of this oil against various bacterial strains like Staphylococcus aureus results in speedy recovery in the treatment of furunculosis. Moreover it is an excellent aid in treating scrapes, burns, swellings around fingers or toe, scabies etc. This healing effect can be obtained by adding 2 drops of Cajeput oil in bathing water in the morning and before going to bed.

It also fights against infectious microbes and prevents any wounds or cuts from becoming more infectious and septic thus preventing the onset of tetanus. It tones up the skin and makes it bright, free from infections and thus widely used in the preparation of cosmetics, body lotions, shampoos, antiseptic creams, soaps and disinfectants.

6. Supports the digestive system:

With its pitta-enhancing properties, Cajeput essential oil possesses digestive as well as carminative properties helping in easing the digestive process and stimulating the secretion of digestive juices and enzymes that aid in the full absorption of nutrients in food. It aids in removal of gas from the body with ease and prevents its formation thus alleviating the gastrointestinal disorders.

Due to its soothing attribute, it is also useful in treating some of the digestive disorders such as colic, vomiting due to indigestion, freeing from intestinal worms, intestinal cramps, dysentery and enteritis.

Other health benefits of Cajeput essential oil:

Its ability to fight against the advent of fungal infections is used in food products to serve the purpose of a preservative. It helps in fighting against yeast infections caused by the Candida species and is also active against the protozoan such as Trichomonas vaginal and is helpful in treating the trichomonas vaginal infections.

Apart from this, Cajeput essential oil is utilized in treating tumors, to open up blocked menstruation and to aid in healing the womanly concerns and to regulate proper circulation of the blood. Generally used in air fresheners to uplift the surrounding, Cajeput essential oil cleanses the air and uplifts the spirits and elevates the mind helping to overcome depression, sluggishness, anxiety, fear and the aftershocks of radiotherapy.

Disclaimer:

This article is only for the purpose of education and is articulated entirely with the thought of sharing the enlightening knowledge of Ayurveda, the 5000 year old traditional healing methodology. These natural remedies are not meant to cure, prevent or diagnose any medical condition or to substitute any prescribed medications or expert medical advice. We are not healthcare professionals or medical experts.

Never use essential oils internally and make sure that you use them topically in a diluted manner only, as unadulterated, genuine and organic essential oils are very concentrated substances and can cause allergic reactions when used on the skin directly. Talk with your Ayurvedic expert/healthcare professional before choosing the apt essential oil for your medical condition and unique individual constitution.

Thought for the day:

We still do not know one thousandth of one percent of what nature has revealed to us. -Albert Einstein

Suggested Reading:

Ayurveda & Aromatherapy: The Earth Essential Guide to Ancient Wisdom and Modern Healing by Dr. Light Miller, Dr. Bryan Miller
The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Essential Oils: The Complete Guide to the Use of Oils in Aromatherapy & Herbalism by Julia Lawless
Relieving Pain Naturally: Safe and Effective Alternative Approach to Treating and Overcoming Chronic Pain by Sylvia Goldfarb, Roberta W. Waddell
Herbal Healing for Women by Rosemary Gladstar
Scents of Life: Use And Effect Of Essential Oils by H. M. Schemske

Reference Links:

Caraway Oil

Posted on June 8, 2025 by AyurvedicOils

Which Ayurvedic oil ‘warms the kidneys’ and ‘moves the liver’? Ah! Wait! Wait! Don’t panic, it is Caraway essential oil that has the potent to cleanse the liver, detoxify the system and discharge toxins, salt, uric acid and excess fluid deposits in the system through urine.

Also known as Persian cumin, Meridian fennel and Shahi jeera, Caraway is one among the 3000 species of plants of the Umbelliferae family dispersed throughout the world. The essential oil is extracted from the dried seeds through steam distillation method.

The Sanskrit name of Caraway is karavi and it is one among the oldest culinary herb used in Ayurvedic healing since the Stone Age. Caraway and its essential oil is being used in Ayurveda for treating diarrhea, dyspepsia, flatulence, morning sickness, colic, dyspeptic headache, bloating, cold, cough, rheumatism, inflammation, delayed menstruation, genitourinary problems, anemia, obesity and hormonal imbalances.

Purchase Caraway Essential Oil – 4oz – CLICK HERE

Historical uses of Caraway and its essential oil:

Indigenous to Western Asia, Europe and Northern Africa, Caraway is botanically called as Carum carvi. The roots of the Caraway herb were mixed with milk and used in the preparation of Chara – the bread that was taken by Julius Caesar and his soldiers of Valerius.

Caraway has been carved in the ancient scriptures and gained esteem during the middle ages. The recent research from Arabic regional studies recommend “Carum carvi use as an endocrine function support agent, specifically related to thyroid disorders and auto immune disease.”

Parkinson mentions its healing attributes in one of his works which quotes Caraway ‘is much used to be put among baked fruit, or into bread, cakes, etc., to give them a relish. It is also made into comfits and taken for cold or wind in the body, which also are served to the table with fruit.’

It was a tradition to serve a saucer full of Caraway with roasted apple and is still kept in Trinity College, London. Caraway seeds were used as the best condiment in Greece, Rome, Russia, Norway and Sweden. Caraway essential oil is used as an active ingredient in the preparation of alcoholic liquors. It is also used in the Traditional Chinese Medicine for treating hiccups, hernia, lower back pain, lack of appetite and nausea.

The Ebers Papyrus of the African medicine, dated 1500 B.C. prescribe Caraway for treating gastrointestinal problems. People in the primeval period believed that the presence of Caraway in any object will be protected from theft. It was also used in love potions to keep the lovers away from wandering and was given to pigeons and other fowls to keep them away from straying.

Alleged to be first used by the ancient Arabs, Caraway seeds are used in Arabic medicine as a carminative for children and to treat psychological conditions such as hysteria. It is used as a diuretic to treat hypertension and diabetes in Moroccan traditional medicine. Caraway water is used as a medium for pediatric medicines and vapors obtained from Caraway seeds is trusted to alleviate rheumatism and lumbago.

Chemical constituents and therapeutic properties of Caraway essential oil:

Owing major similarities to the other members of the Apiaceae (also known as Umbelliferae) family, Caraway essential oil have carvone and limonene as its major components and the other constituents are carvacrol, α-pinene, γ-terpinene, linalool, furfurol, thujone, carvenone, and p-cymene.

Caraway also serves as a rich source of fatty acids, lignin, vitamins, amino acids, polysaccharides, triacylglycerols and numerous minerals such as copper, potassium, manganese, magnesium, calcium, selenium, zinc and iron.

Caraway essential oil has been in use since antiquity for its countless therapeutic properties like carminative, astringent, antispasmodic, eupeptic, antihistaminic, antiseptic, aperitif, antimicrobial, disinfectant, emmenagogue, expectorant, stimulant, stomachic, digestive, insecticide, diuretic, galactogogue, cardiac, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-ulcerogenic, anti-carcinogenic, anti-stress and vermifuge.

Ayurvedic health benefits of Caraway essential oil:

Ayurveda is the oldest healing sciences known to the world and is said to have been in practice for more than 5,000 years. The most notable thing about Ayurveda is that its healing practices are recorded systematically in the form of literature.

Among the 4 major sacred books of the Indian Mythology, Atharvana Veda records the Ayurvedic therapies and about 114 verses of this sacred book shares the symptoms and diagnostic techniques of numerous health disorders.

Ayurveda is a holistic healing methodolgy that treats the individual instead of the symptoms and traces the root cause of an illness. By this way, this ancient common sense science focuses on prevention of illnesses leading through healthy aging process to longevity.

Based on the Vedic references of Ayurveda, two ancient Ayurvedic texts were written by the legendary Ayurvedic physicians known as Charaka and Sushruta, who wrote Charaka Samhita and Sushruta Samhita.

These Ayurvedic encyclopedias states that everything is a part of nature and the human body is a combination of the five elements known as Panchamaha Bhoothas, namely fire, water, earth, air and space.

Every person is made up of a unique individual constitution that consists of three dynamic energies known as doshas (vata -air & space, pitta – fire & water and kapha -water & earth), which are a combination of the elemental forces of nature.

For a person to be hale and healthy, these doshas should always remain in a specific ratio as set by nature and any change in the functioning or the balance between these doshas cause illnesses. Imbalance of these biological energies mainly occurs due to food habits (mainly depending on the quality of the food taken), change in weather conditions and lifestyle changes.

Ayurvedic remedies like plant essential oils, herbs, yoga, meditation, prayers, Abhyanga or art of Ayurvedic massaging, Panchakarma or the detox technique and Ayurvedic routine are recommended based on the Prakriti or the unique individual constitution of a person and for correcting the imbalances of dosha.

Caraway essential oil has the potent to reduce kapha and vata doshas and increase pitta dosha, making its use inevitable in the treatment of respiratory problems, skin disorders, spasms, cramps, bloating and other digestive disorders.

The Ayurvedic health benefits of Caraway essential oil are:1. Combats the growth of free radicals:

Caraway essential oil serves as an effective antioxidant with its rich content of monoterpene alcohols, linalool, flavonoids and other polyphenolic compounds. This helps in destroying and inhibiting the growth of free radicals, which are responsible for cellular oxidation.

Certain scientific studies conclude that the dietary supplementation of Caraway to rats induced with colon cancer suppressed the crypt foci development and decreased the level of fecal bile acids and alkaline phosphatase which affects the epithelial cells of the colon and the rectum if not kept under control. The presence of carvone and limonene helps in reducing the lipid peroxidation products of the intestines and the colon.

Moreover the chemical compounds such as anethofuran, carvone and limonene are potential cancer chemo-preventive agents that build a protective shield against various mutagens such as dimethylnitrosamine, nitrosodimethlyamine, methylazoxymethanol acetate and inhibit the development of stomach cancers in mice induced by diethylsitosamine.

The antioxidant property of Caraway essential oil also makes it an efficient anti-carcinogenic, apoptotic, anti-proliferative and anti-mutagenic agent. As an apoptotic, Caraway essential oil proves fruitful against human leukemia cells and it also anti-proliferates the tumor cells.

Massaging your body with 10 drops of Caraway oil blended with 5 ml of Coconut oil can help in controlling the growth of free radicals and enhance the immune power of the system to shield against the harmful effects of the cancerous cells.

2. Makes you free from toxins:

Caraway essential oil serves as an excellent detoxifier, which assists in promoting active metabolism and excretion of harmful toxins or ama in the body. A 2007 research on the diuretic effect of Caraway essential oil on normal rats states that it increased the frequency and quantity of urine in a 24 hour period. It increased the level of sodium and potassium in the urine while that of the plasma remained unchanged.

Adding 2 to 3 drops of Caraway oil in warm bathing water or in a massage blend with 10 drops of this oil mixed with 5 ml of olive oil helps in excreting the toxins, fats, uric acid, salt and excess fluid deposits with ease. By this way, Caraway oil aids in alleviating hypertension, promoting weight loss and treating inflammation caused due to water retention.

Ayurvedic texts adore Caraway seed oil as a liver-friendly oil that support in protecting the liver from the encountering of highly toxic substances. In addition to this, its antimicrobial attribute clears out urinary tract infections. Caraway essential oil is a great source of dietary fiber.

3. Aids in proper digestion:

Caraway essential oil has been in use since the prehistoric period for its pitta-enhancing properties that stimulates the Agni or digestive fire, secretion of gastric and digestive juices. This attribute is responsible for the carminative, digestive and stomachic properties of Caraway oil. Its flavonoids, fatty acids and triacylglycerols help in reducing inflammation in the intestines and relieving smooth muscle contractions induced by spasmogens.

With flavonoids and monoterpene alcohols acting as natural stimulants, Caraway essential oil regulates the secretion of the digestive enzymes and its rich mineral content aid in complete absorption of the dietary nutrients. It raises the temperature of the body and speed up the process of metabolism thus preventing constipation and it helps in regulating the bowel movements.

A 2011 study on the various healing attributes of Caraway essential oil proves the antibacterial activity of this oil against gram negative bacteria such as helicobacter pylori which is identified as the primary etiological factor associated with the onset of various gastrointestinal ailments such as gastric carcinoma, gastritis and peptic ulcer. It blends well with Peppermint oil in treating non-ulcer dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, indigestion and other gastrointestinal disorders.

Inhaling the refreshing aroma of Caraway oil by adding 2 drops of this oil in diffuser or burner along with massaging your abdomen with 5 drops of Caraway oil blended with 2.5 ml of sesame oil can effectively treat diarrhea, flatulence, vomiting, morning sickness, dyspepsia, heartburn due to indigestion, gastrointestinal disorders, stomachic ulcers, intestinal worms and parasites and colic.

Carvone which owes the credit of the anti-inflammatory attribute of Caraway essential oil actively reduces the production of prostaglandin and increases the production of leukotriene thus helping in alleviating colic for which reason Caraway seeds boiled in hot water was used in treating infants with colic. As an effective antimicrobial agent, Caraway oil destroys the harmful microbes in the stomach and inhibits the growth of intestinal pathogens.

4. Alleviates menstrual discomforts and other womanly problems:

Caraway essential oil has reproductive and estrogenic parameters due to the presence of flavonoids and apigenin. It increases and regulates the secretion of estrogen. Moreover it’s rich iron, calcium and vitamin content stimulates the secretion of hemoglobin and regulates blood flow to the uterus.

Massaging your lower abdomen, genital area and thighs with 5 drops of Caraway oil blended with 2.5 ml of Almond oil aids in opening up blocked menstruation and alleviates menstrual irregularities, dysmennorhea, menstrual cramps and associated mood swings. It relaxes the uterus and helps in its contraction facilitating the process of child birth before delivery.

Furthermore this oil possesses galactogogue properties, where the mammary glands are induced and the secretion of milk in lactating mothers is increased. Nursing mothers who use Caraway essential oil benefits their baby as well from colic and other stomachic discomforts.

5. Relieves common cold and other respiratory infections:

Common cold and certain other respiratory problems are often known as the most annoying ailments of mankind of all ages.

According to Ayurveda, excess of Kapha element in the body cause water retention, formation of mucus and phlegm deposits in the body. As a natural kapha reducing agent, Caraway essential oil can help in clearing off the phlegm and mucus secretion that often obstruct the nasal passages and block the respiratory tract.

Being a natural anti-bacterial and anti-fungal agent, Caraway essential oil destroys all the harmful microbes that cling onto the respiratory tract resulting in infections and huge deposits of mucus and phlegm. Carvone, limonene and linalool play a major role in destroying the infectious microbes and hold antihistamine properties that calm down the muscles causing coughing spasms.

2 to 3 drops of Caraway oil added to steam inhalation along with the gentle massaging of your chest, throat and back with 2 drops of this oil mixed in your regular decongesting ointment or rub can help in loosening the deposits of mucus and phlegm, aid in its excretion and reduce the symptoms of bronchitis, laryngitis and sore throat.

6. Alleviates skin disorders:

Caraway essential oil is a powerful antiseptic that helps in treating acne, boils, scabies and itches. It is used in cleansing the wounds as it destroys the presence of micro-organisms and prevents it from spreading and becoming septic, thus protecting one from the onset of tetanus with its anti-bacterial and anti-fungal properties.

Carvone and limonene components present in Caraway oil have enormous anti-oxidant properties that strengthen the connective tissues and confer potent effects on aging symptoms and clears out wrinkles, lessens the sagging of skin and aids in tissue regeneration. This oil is also used in the manufacturing of skin care lotions, creams and ointments for reducing wrinkles and acne.

Rich in vitamins and minerals such as potassium, calcium, iron, manganese, selenium and zinc, Caraway essential oil helps in regulating the growth and development of cells and aids in improved natural complexion of the skin. Mix 2 drops of Caraway oil with 1 ml of Coconut oil or your mild skin care cream or lotion and gently massage on your skin in circular movements for visible results.

7. Instills tranquility:

Caraway essential oil serves as a boon to mankind with its pleasing aroma and its therapeutic compounds that have a soothing effect on the mind and instills feelings of trust and harmony. It acts as a tonic for the nerves and encourages positive thoughts in a person and eases the mental strain while making one to feel full of life and energy.

The best way to use Caraway essential oil for emotional benefits is to add 2 drops of this oil in burner, vaporizer, diffuser, aromatic candles or your pillow cover for boosting up your system and revitalizing you from within.

Other health benefits of Caraway oil:

Caraway essential oil is also used in treating rheumatism, toothaches, eye infections and inflammations. It is used as a flavoring agent in mouth-wash, gargle preparations, toothpastes, soaps, lotions, perfumes and incense sticks. It also serves as an insecticide and a potential natural fumigant for stored products. With its strong yet pleasing aroma it refreshes your breath and hence used in the manufacturing of mouth fresheners, toothpastes and other oral care products.

Disclaimer:

This is only for educational use and is not meant to prevent or diagnose any health condition or substitute any prescribed medication or professional medical advice. This information is shared only with the concern of highlighting the importance of Ayurvedic healing, the traditional wisdom of holistic remedy and we are not medical professionals. Do not use essential oils internally.

Ensure that you dilute essential oils in appropriate carrier oils before using it externally on the skin as pure and organic essential oils are highly concentrated substances. It is advisable to consult your Ayurvedic professional/ healthcare expert before choosing the appropriate essential oil for your state of health and unique individual constitution.

Thought for the day:

Joy in looking and comprehending is nature’s most beautiful gift. -Albert Einstein

Suggested Reading:

Caraway: The Genus Carum (Medicinal and Aromatic Plants – Industrial Profiles) from CRC Press
Aromatherapy for the Soul: Healing the Spirit with Fragrance and Essential Oils by Valerie Ann Worwood
The Nursing Mother’s Herbal (The Human Body Library) by Sheila Humphrey

Reference Links: