Juniper Berry Oil

Posted on June 4, 2025 by AyurvedicOils

June and moon pair perfectly to bring in the ideal romance with warm days and clear nights, just like Juniper and its essential oil, known as ‘the mover of fluids’ work wholly to get rid of the toxic remains and excess fluid in your system, so that you fall in love with yourself again and again.

Boasted as the best diuretics in Western Herbal Medicine and in Traditional Herbalism, Juniper berries and its essential oil are looked upon for treating various fluid retention diseases like congestion, sciatica, rheumatism, edema, swollen joints, urinary tract infections, lumbago, cystitis, obesity and respiratory conditions.

Hapusha is the Ayurvedic name of Juniper and is scientifically known as Juniperus communis. Juniper is held high in Ayurveda as one among the best detoxifying natural agent with its diuretic and diaphoretic properties for eliminating excess water deposits, toxic remains, uric acid, salt and fat deposits by promoting the frequency and quantity of sweating and urination.

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Historical uses and significance of Juniper berry and its essential oil:

Juniper berries are not real berries but are the female seed cones produced by many species of Junipers. It is an evergreen shrub that is found growing in the wild and can grow up to a height of 30 feet. Juniper is a native of the European Province, Asian subcontinent and few North American countries including Oregon and Texas.

Juniper was the notable symbol of Ashera, the Goddess of Fertility of the Canaanites. The mystical fragrance of Juniper was used as incense by the Scottish and Tibetans to keep away from demons and evil spirits. The first historical use of Juniper berries dates back to the Egyptian Papyrus from 1500 B.C.

The berries of the Juniperus communis species are used as a popular spice in the European cuisine for its unique flavor. It has been used in the treatment of leucorrhoea, scrofula and chest conditions in the traditional French medicine.

It was in ancient Greek medicine, Juniper berries were recorded for their medicinal uses before being stated as a culinary item. The aboriginal Americans used these berries for suppressing the appetite when they were hungry. Certain tribal populace used Juniper berries as female contraceptive agents.

Juniper berries were used as a substitute for long pepper and black pepper varieties by the primordial Romans. It was believed that Juniper berries enhanced physical endurance and vigor in athletes, for which it was used during many of the Olympic events by the people of Greece.

For its power to prevent infections and its antiseptic values, Juniper berries were used as a precautionary medicine during the Bubonic plague. These spicy little berries were used as a folklore remedy for treating urinary infection, chest congestion, stomach upset and warts. Juniper berries are also used as a flavoring agent in gin and other traditional food items.

Remedial properties and chemical constituents of Juniper berry oil:

The notable therapeutic properties of Juniper berry oil are diuretic, energizer, disinfectant, antiseptic, analgesic, carminative, diaphoretic, antibacterial, astringent, anti-rheumatic, antispasmodic, depurative, sudorific, vulnerary, tonic, rubefacient, calmative and stimulant.

The chemical components contributing to its varied remedial values are sabinene, a-pinene, b-pinene, camphene, myrcene, a-terpinene, a-phellandrene, y-terpinene, b-phellandrene, 1,4-cineole, p-cymene, bornyl acetate, terpinen-4-ol, caryophyllene along with a hint of borneol, limonene, linalool, nerol, linalyl acetate and camphor.

Ayurvedic health benefits of Juniper berry essential oil:

Ayurveda is unquestionably the Master and the Mother of the world of medicine and has given birth to various remedial sciences including Siddha, Unani, The Traditional Chinese Medicine, Homeopathy, Naturopathy, Allopathic, Chiropractic, Acupressure and much more.

The secret behind its majestic stand for about 5000 years is its holistic healing approach that aims in tracing and treating the root cause of an illness rather than its occasional symptoms. Ayurveda completely relies on natural remedies and Ayurvedic techniques for the treatment and the prevention of diseases to pave way for longevity.

The Indian mythology records the birth of Ayurveda as gift of Lord Brahma, the God of Creation to Acharya Dhanvantari, the Lord of Ayurvedic medicine and he was also adored as the Physician of Gods. Ayurveda is a prominent part of Atharvaveda, one of the 4 sacred books of the Hindu tradition of India.

Acharya Charaka and Sushruta added glory to Ayurveda with their greatest works namely Charaka Samhita and Sushruta Samhita, the renowned Ayurvedic encyclopedias. These noble books cover every medical practice from a C-section delivery to Plastic surgery. Everything aims at attaining holistic health, which is a combination of physical, psychological and spiritual wellness.

Ayurveda recommends a disciplined life for retaining absolute balance with nature. Ayurvedic philosophy states that everything in this universe is made up of five elements of nature viz., earth, water, air, fire and space.

Water represents blood and other fluids in the system, earth denotes bones and the muscular built up, air assists in the breathing mechanism, space is the soul/the spirit that dwells in and fire is in charge for body temperature and all other metabolic functions.

All the individuals on earth are created in a distinctive manner with a unique physical, mental and spiritual setup, determined by the individual constitution known as doshas. These dynamic energies are an array of the five fundamental elements of nature.

Vata dosha (air and space) is responsible for the functions of the nervous system, respiratory system and the circulatory system. Pitta dosha (fire and water) takes care of body temperature and metabolism. Kapha dosha (water and earth) and is in charge of the physique, reproductive health and sustenance.

Every person has a prevalence of any one dosha that determines one’s persona, traits and behavioral patterns. Absolute balance between these doshas as per the Law of nature indicates health and imbalance of doshas leads to sickness.

Ayurveda recommends natural remedies including plant essential oils, herbal medications, yogasanas, meditation, prayers, simple physical exercises, Ayurvedic routine, Pranayama (yogic breathing practice), Panchakarma (five detoxification therapies), and certain other Ayurvedic treatments for nurturing natural balance between doshas.

Juniper berry oil helps in pacifying kapha imbalances like rheumatism, urinary infections, congestion and bronchitis; vata imbalances including stress, dysmennorhea and skin problems and enhances pitta energy and supports in the treatment of flatulence, indigestion, abdominal pain, high blood pressure etc.,

It’s time to take a look at the varied health benefits of Juniper berry oil in terms of physical, emotional and spiritual attributes.

Physical benefits:

Juniper berry oil to the skin:
Juniper berry oil to the joints and kidneys:
Juniper berry oil to the digestive system and liver:

Emotional benefits:

Alleviates stress:
Relieves tension:
Widens your creative power:

Spiritual benefits:

Instills deep divinity:
Augments the power of concentration and inner consciousness:
Helps release negative feelings:

Physical benefits: ‘Face is the index of the mind’ is a popular saying. In a much similar way, the human body showcases the sickness of the mind and the soul. Traditional healthcare experts say that every illness has certain underlying emotional and hereditary (tarpana) reasons behind to deal with. Talking with the patient about everything including their medical history, family, daily routine, lifestyle practices, behavioral patterns and every little thing that has an impact in their daily lives, can help in identifying the root cause of their sickness and in bringing a permanent solution to their health problem.

Juniper berry oil to the skin: Human skin is the highly structured security mechanism that guards us from the harmful effects of virus, bacteria, fungi and many other harmful micro-organisms. Treating it with ordinary alkaline soaps might spoil the protective layer of the skin formed by sebum (oily and acidic mantel produced by the sebaceous glands).

Ayurveda prescribes Abhyanga or the art of Ayurvedic massaging with the use of essential oils aiding in toning the muscles, relieving muscular tension, protecting the skin and for creating a natural barrier that can protect the skin from the outside forces.

Juniper berry oil has excellent moisturizing properties that help in treating various skin problems like acne, dermatitis and eczema. Skin problems are often associated with the vitiation of vata dosha. Juniper berry oil has the power to pacify excess of vata dosha and helps in the treatment of dandruff and psoriasis.

Three drops of Juniper berry oil blended with 2 drops of Lavender oil, 2 drops of Grapefruit oil added to your mild skin care creams and lotions can help in controlling the excess secretion of sebum, responsible for pimples, blackheads and redness of the skin cells.

A 2003 study on “Antibacterial and Antifungal activity of Juniper berry oil and its selected components” published in Phytotherapy research concludes that Juniper berry oil possesses antibacterial and antifungal activity.

A 2010 study published in “Pharmacognosy Research” by the Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in Iran, has confirmed that juniper berries’ essential oil contains excellent antioxidant effects and the capacity to combat destructive free radicals.

Juniper berry oil also has circulatory and tonic properties that nourish the skin cells from within. Massaging the affected parts with 2 drops of Juniper berry oil, 2 drops of Rosemary oil and 2 drops of Geranium oil along with 3 ml of Sweet Almond oil can assist in the treatment of scaly, itchy scalp in dandruff, psoriasis, eczema and inflammatory skin conditions.

You can compliment this massaging with a warm compress for letting the remedial properties of the essential oils to penetrate the skin deeply.

Juniper berry oil to the joints, kidneys, digestive system and liver: Stagnation of water deposits, uric acid, salt and toxic remains in the system lead to chronic health conditions like rheumatism, arthritis, edema, swollen joints, dropsy, cystitis, renal calculi or kidney stones and urinary infections.

People with kapha imbalance can benefit highly from Swedhana (Panchakarma treatment for elimination of toxic remains through sweat). Massaging the affected region, especially the knees and joints in case of arthritis and rheumatism with 5 drops of Juniper berry oil, 4 drops of Cinnamon oil, 5 drops of Rose Geranium oil, 5 drops of Eucalyptus oil and 5 drops of Orange oil with 4 ounces of Sesame oil can help in promoting blood circulation in the painful area, reduces pain by causing numbness.

You can reduce inflammation, swelling, redness and soreness of the muscles by using a hot compress. This aids in discarding the toxic remains in the system through sweat and urine by enhancing its quantity and frequency.

Light Miller, in her book “Ayurvedic Remedies: For The Whole Family” has mentioned Juniper berry in numerous healing blends. The most significant among them are listed below for your reference.

Obesity or Weight loss blend: Massaging with 10 drops of Juniper berries oil, 10 drops of Grapefruit oil, 10 drops of Orange oil, 5 drops of Birch oil, 5 drops of Black pepper oil, 5 drops of Ginger oil with 4 ounces of Almond oil can assist in treating obesity by eliminating the excess fluids, toxic remains and fat deposits in the system by promoting frequent urination and sweating.
Gout: Gently massaging your abdomen with 5 drops of Juniper berry oil, 5 drops of Thyme oil, 5 drops of Cypress oil, 5 drops of Lemon oil, 5 drops of Basil oil, 5 drops of Myrtle oil along with 4 ounces of Coconut oil can help significantly in the treatment of renal calculi, cystitis, and gout.
Varicose veins: Varicose vein is a vata disorder caused due to lack of blood circulation, prolonged standing and sedentary lifestyle. Massaging with 5 drops of Juniper berry oil, 5 drops of Cypress oil, 5 drops of Lemon Grass oil and 2 ounce of Olive oil can help in stimulating blood circulation, relaxing the nerves, soothing the tensed muscles and alleviating pain associated with varicose vein condition, lumbago and sciatica.
Supports the digestive functions: Juniper berry oil has pitta or digestive fire enhancing attributes with its carminative, stomachic and warming properties. 5 drops of Juniper berry oil along with 2 drops of Ginger oil and 1 drop of Fennel oil to warm bathing water can assist in stimulating the secretion of bile, hydrochloric acid and digestive acids for treating sluggish digestion, relieving intestinal gas and colic pain.

Emotional benefits: Emotions play a vital role in all our lives, without which thoughts are of, nil value. These emotions are often the sound of the soul. The therapeutic and soothing aroma of Ayurvedic essential oils fortifies your energy centers and protects one from being deviated from your life’s purpose.

Juniper berry essential oil has warm, appeasing, woody, earthy, engaging, sweet and energizing fragrance that pacifies the mind and sows the seeds of optimism in the limbic system of the brain. It is the brain’s center of control and is in charge of transmitting commands to the entire body on thoughts, emotions and behavioral patterns.

Juniper berry oil offers various emotional benefits and the most prominent among them are:

Alleviates stress:
Relieves tension:
Widens your creative power:

Mental mayhems are often an output of stressful conditions. Stress can at times work quicker than cyanide in killing the potential of the mind and the brain. It occurs when the mind is occupied or forced with loads of chores than its bearing capacity. As a result, one’s true efficiency and the normal functioning of the brain get disrupted.

Rage, resentment, fear, fatigue, anxiety, tension, lack of concentration and memory loss are few branches of the stress tree.

Inhaling the magical aroma of Juniper berry essential oil by adding 3 drops of Juniper berry oil with 2 drops of Neroli oil to your air freshener or diffuser, especially during the feeling of loneliness or before going to bed or during meditation, can help in bringing back the energy of self-confidence by augmenting your self-esteem.

This blend can also heighten the quality of your thoughts by boosting your creative quotient. 5 drops of Juniper berry oil and 2 drops of Bergamot oil added to your warm bathing water before your bedtime can relax your nervous system, soothe your muscles and induce peaceful sleep at night. Then, what else would stop you from starting a fresh and prolific day?!

Spiritual benefits:

Instills the deep divinity:
Augments the power of concentration and inner consciousness:
Helps release negative feelings:

Juniper berry oil has a pleasant and elevating aroma that instills a feeling of absolute peace and tranquility. Inhaling the sacred aroma of this oil helps in discharging the negative feelings, loneliness, suppressive thoughts and assist in developing intense inner consciousness.

The essential oil of Juniper berry affects the crown chakra, root chakra and the solar plexus chakra. The book “Ayurvedic Remedies: For the Whole Family” by Light Miller quotes “Meditation offers us an opportunity to reach a higher potential by fine tuning our minds. Meditation creates an opening to live a life free of fears, blame, attachments, judgements, stress, negativity and illusions.”

2 drops of Juniper berry oil with 1 drop of Sandalwood oil, 1 drop of Vetiver oil and 1drop of Patchouli oil added to your vaporizer, diffuser, aromatic candles or room freshener during meditation and prayers can be a great soulful remedy.

It can help one to quit addiction, vent out negative feelings, disregard the pain of being abused, alleviate the trepidation of being neglected, deepen your level of thinking, build your bonding with the divine power and augment the connectivity of your soul with the universe.

Disclaimer: This article is meant only for educational purposes and is not recommended to treat or prevent any health condition or to replace any prescription medicines or the medical advice of your healthcare practitioner. We are not healthcare professionals and this information is shared only with the genuine thought of spreading the fragrance of Ayurvedic healing, world’s oldest and the pioneer of all medical sciences on earth.

Use essential oils only for topical application in a diluted form, as organic and pure essential oils are highly concentrated substances and may cause allergic reactions, if used directly on the skin. Never ingest essential oils. Keep out of reach of children.

Juniper berry oil is not recommended for use during pregnancy as it has the potent to induce menstruation. Care should be taken in using this oil under the supervision of a healthcare expert, if you have inflammatory kidney disorders.

Thought for the day:

The trees that are slow to grow bear the best fruit. – By Moliere

Suggested Reading:

Vibrational Healing: Revealing the Essence of Nature through Aromatherapy and Essential Oils by Deborah Eidson
Ayurvedic Remedies- For the Whole Family by Light Miller
Essential Oils for Weight Loss: Easy Ways to Supercharge your Weight Loss Success with Essential Oils by Isla Burroughs
Herbs for Detoxification by C.J. Puotinen

Reference Links:

Your resource for quality Essential Oils. Every batch is
GC tested to ensure purity and authenticity.

Grapefruit Pink Oil

Posted on May 9, 2025 by AyurvedicOils

Are you on diet? Then Grapefruit can be your best pal as it is called as ‘Dieter’s best friend‘, for its ability to assist dissolving fat and stays strong to be a vital part of your fitness regimen.

Give that perfect lift to your self-esteem and self-worth with Grapefruit oil, as it works like a magic by cleansing the aura and flushing out depression, lack of self-confidence, mental chaos and other negative feelings at ease.

Adorably called as Madhukarktikum and Kadaaram in Sanskrit, Grapefruit is yet another powerful Ayurvedic remedy for dealing with digestive disorders by stimulating the gall bladder and assisting the secretion of bile and other digestive juices.

The essential oil of Grapefruit is cold pressed from the external rind of this fruit and is recommended for treating weight loss, acne, cellulite, edema, PMS, anxiety, depression and insomnia.

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Historical importance of Grapefruit:

Grapefruit is trusted to be a hybrid variety found in the 18^th century by Captain Shaddock in Jamaica; hence it was called as ‘Shaddock’ or ‘Shattuck’ initially. Later it was named as ‘Grapefruit’ mainly because of its manifestation like clusters of grapes on the trees. Grapefruit was once celebrated as one of the ‘Seven wonders of Barbados’.

Grapefruit is indigenous to the tropical parts of Asia and was originally brought to Europe by the medieval Arabian traders and it slowly spread to other parts of the world. Currently, United States is the world’s leading producer of Grapefruit, followed by People’s Republic of China and South Africa.

As it is an excellent source of various nutrients and phytochemicals, it was used ever since the ancient times as a part of a healthy diet. Whereas Grapefruit essential oil was used in baths for preventing the skin from harmful microbes, supporting healthy skin, enhancing the shine and growth of hair and as a cleansing agent in homes.

Chemical constituents or Gas Chromatography Report (GC) of Grapefruit Pink oil:

According to the Gas chromatography report, Grapefruit Pink oil constitutes of 7 chemical components that contribute to its fragrance, therapeutic attributes, consistency and quality of this oil. Of which, Limonene contributes to the highest proportion of Grapefruit Pink oil constituents with about 96.6% of its total composition.

Just click on:

Limonene

I believe that this must certainly help you in getting to know the exclusive information about these prime chemical constituents of Grapefruit Pink oil.

The table crafted below clearly depicts the unique nature and contributions of these biochemical constituents to the healing magnificence of Grapefruit Pink essential oil.

Therapeutic properties of Grapefruit essential oil:

The remedial values of this oil are antidepressant, antiseptic, anti-tumoral, antioxidant, lymphatic, stimulant, tonic, diuretic, disinfectant, aperitif and fat dissolving.

Ayurvedic health benefits of Grapefruit essential oil:

Health is a three-tier foundation according to Ayurveda, where these three layers are mind, body and soul. It is rightly mentioned in Charaka Samhita, one of the most famous Ayurvedic encyclopedias as “The three – body, psyche, and soul – act as a tripod. The world stands upon them, and within them, the world abides.”

Ayurveda means ‘the knowledge of life’ and this traditional healing methodology aids in granting that awareness in every human being. Understanding the physical and mental health of oneself helps in leading a blissful life paving way towards longevity.

It has been said that nature is made up of five vital elements namely fire, water, earth, air and space and Ayurvedic texts strongly state that everything that is a part of nature is also made up of these five elements.

The science of Ayurveda follows a holistic healing system, where every individual is considered as a unique part of nature with a unique individual constitution just like our fingerprints.

This constitution comprises of three vital biological energies known as doshas. They are vata, pitta and kapha doshas, where each dosha represent a combination of two vital elements.

Kapha represents earth and water, and is responsible for structure of the body, sustenance and the movement of fluids in the system. Pitta represents fire and water and is in charge of digestion, absorption, excretion and certain other metabolic functions.

Vata stands for air and ether, and is accountable for circulation, respiration and nervous functions of the body. When an individual’s health is on par with nature, there is perfect health and harmony and when there is imbalance due to food, lifestyle and certain other factors, illnesses occur.

Balance between these three doshas indicates complete health and imbalance causes diseases. Ayurvedic remedies like essential oils, herbs, yoga, meditation, Ayurvedic routine and simple physical exercises focus on striking balance between these doshas. Grapefruit essential oil is said to pacify vata and kapha dosha and aggravate pitta dosha.

The Ayurvedic health benefits of Grapefruit oil are:1. Fights the symptoms of aging naturally:

Aging can be the worst enemy for all those beauty conscious kings and queens out there, especially in the late 30s when everyone’s dreams are on the route of reaching their destination. When thousands of chemical-based products flood the market with the claim of ‘guaranteed younger look’, how will you feel if I say that the simple, natural and glorious fruit like Grapefruit can fight against all the symptoms of aging, just like that? Feeling awesome right!

FRTA or the Free radical theory of aging can assist you in understanding the real causes of aging. This theory states that “organisms age because cells accumulate free radical damage over time.” These free radicals cause oxidative damage in the cells, which pave way for aging and other age-related disorders like arthritis, diabetes, cancer, atherosclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease.

Numerous studies have proven that antioxidants are the best remedy for arresting the oxidative damage of cells by passivating the cellular structure from the damage caused by free radicals.

To your wonder, Grapefruit and its essential oil have the most powerful antioxidant lycopene, which is responsible for its attractive pink or red color. It has been established that antioxidants like lycopene assists in fighting aging of cells and fight against malignant tumors caused due to the harmful effects of free radicals.

According to a study by the Brigham Young University, “Small concentrations of grapefruit essential oil showed an 80.5% cell inhibition value for skin cancer cells.” The presence of limonene in Grapefruit oil supports about 80% of carcinomas in breast cancer to degenerate with comparatively lesser toxicity, says the reports on Grapefruit essential oil by the Purdue University.

In addition to this, Grapefruit essential oil has adequate amount of spermidine, which is a polyamine compound playing significant roles in the survival of cells. Every cell has spermidine like compounds and cellular aging happens when the growth of spermidine falls.

Using 2 drops of Grapefruit essential oil blended with 1ml of Jojoba oil or along with a mild skin care lotion or cream as a massaging blend can promote the secretion of spermidine compounds that support the growth of healthy cells, helping you look younger and youthful.

This massaging can also help in fighting against the free radicals that cause aging and other chronic illnesses. Adding Grapefruit to your daily diet is also a great idea to retain your beauty and nurture your skin health.

2. Protects the skin from microbial infections:

Grapefruit essential oil has antiseptic and disinfectant properties that wrestle against harmful organisms like bacteria and virus. The antiviral and antibacterial effects of this oil make it one among the best essential oils for treating wounds, cuts, bruises, acne and other microbial infections. It kills the existing microbes in the body that cause infections and prevents the entry of new microbes.

Using 2 drops of Grapefruit essential oil in warm bathing water in the morning or before going to bed can help in combating the growth of microbes and protect the body microbial infections all day long.

You can also add 1 drop of Grapefruit oil to your daily lotion or skin cream for pampering your skin. Along with this, the fresh and refreshing citrus aroma of Grapefruit oil keeps your skin fresh, regenerated and absolutely clean.

3. Boosts positive energy and adds up to your mental strength:

Grapefruit essential oil has an immaculate aroma that is neat as a new pin and has excellent aromatic effect on the mind. The anti-depressant properties of this oil flushes out the negative thoughts, depressive feelings and emotions that demotivate the mind and stop you from moving ahead.

The uplifting aroma of Grapefruit essential oil reaches the limbic system, the control center of the human brain through the nasal passages and passes the therapeutic properties of this oil in the form of commands to other parts of the body. Add 2 drops of Grapefruit oil to your diffuser, burner or vaporizer during the night or at the time of prayer or meditation. This oil is said to calm the mind and nerves and grant peaceful sleep at night.

Inhaling the sacred aroma of Grapefruit oil is said to broaden the heart chakra, which is responsible for love and affection along with the solar plexus chakra, which is accountable for self-esteem, confidence and discipline and the third eye chakra meant for intelligence, creativity, spiritualism, consciousness and inner awakening.

By this way, Grapefruit essential oil cleanses the aura, mind and the life force of the human body, which helps in restoring the power and spiritual realm.

4. Burns excess fat and backs up your diet regimen:

Obesity has become a common phenomenon in people of all ages mainly due to unhealthy food habits, lifestyle changes, fast food mania and the lack of physical exercises. Most of these factors seem unavoidable in this contemporary world, where there’s no time to spare for our health and happiness.

According to a popular Complementary and Alternative medicine expert, “taking medicines or drugs for reducing weight or dissolving fat is a hazardous practice and a life-threatening system as well.”

So what to do and what is the natural way to burn away those excess fat and calories that rule your health and harmony? Here you go, Grapefruit and its essential oil have been an effective natural remedy for treating obesity and supporting weight-loss.

This is attributed to its diuretic, lymphatic and aperitif properties. Grapefruit oil works by improving the metabolism process, lowering the cholesterol content, reducing insulin levels and supporting loss of fat positively.

Ayurvedic texts state that the bitter and sour tastes of Grapefruit reside as the predominant reason for enhancing the flow of bile and other digestive juices and it helps in putting an end to food cravings, liver congestion and amassing up of excess fat, cholesterol and other toxic substances.

Mix 5 drops of Grapefruit essential oil with 2.5ml of sesame oil and massage it gently on your stomach and abdomen to stimulate the secretion of saliva, bile and other gastric juices.

Ama or the toxins in the body are mainly due to improper digestion. As Grapefruit essential increases pitta energy, which is responsible for digestive fire, the chances of indigestion, constipation and other digestive disorders are very less.

Excess of kapha energy is one major cause for obesity according to Ayurveda. Grapefruit oil is a boon to mankind as it pacifies kapha and increases pitta force, through which it eliminates the excess deposits of water, fat, toxic substances and cholesterol through urine and sweat.

Including Grapefruit in your diet or inhaling the aroma of Grapefruit essential oil before eating (by adding 1 drop of Grapefruit oil to your diffuser in your dining hall) can grant a feeling of fullness and put an end to unhealthy food cravings.

“Consumption of Grapefruit can reduce LDL (“bad”) cholesterol, as well as triglycerides”, says The Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. Consult your Ayurvedic Practitioner and know the right exercises, yoga and meditation for your unique constitution. This can speed up your fat-dissolving resolution at absolute ease.

Other health benefits:

Apart from this, Grapefruit essential oil is an excellent pain reliever that can help you in treating headache, back pain and migraine pain quickly, when 2 drops of this oil is mixed with 1ml of coconut oil and applied on the affected area.

Grapefruit essential oil has tonic properties that increase the immune power, stimulate hair growth, cleanse the scalp, boosts the functions of the nervous system and strengthen the muscles and nerves. This oil also helps in relieving mental and physical fatigue, menstrual discomforts, rheumatism, muscular stiffness, cellulite, nervousness, delayed menstruation and nervous exhaustion.

Disclaimer:

This article is only for the purpose of education and is not directed to diagnose or replace any Professional medical advice or prescribed medication. Never use essential oils internally and always use them in a diluted form, as pure and organic essential oils are highly concentrated substances and can cause harm if used directly on skin.

As other citrus oils, Grapefruit essential oil also has phototoxic effect that can cause damages to the skin when exposed to sunlight immediately after use, due to the hazardous effects of ultra violet rays. Always consult your Ayurvedic expert before using the right essential oils for your unique constitution and health condition.

The MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet) of Grapefruit Pink oil is readily available for your enhanced safety and better usage.

Gas Chromatography Report (GC analysis) of Grapefruit Pink oil.

Grapefruit Essential Oil – Possible Skin Issues:

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Grapefruit oil showcases photosensitive effects if oxidized, contributing to its phototoxic, photo-carcinogenic and effects of sensitization. The possible skin issues of using Grapefruit oil are hyperpigmentation, allergic reactions, irritation, sunburns, blisters and rashes and this mainly occurs when the skin is exposed to visible sunlight for up to 12 hours of use of this oil.

The underlying reason is the reaction of the photoactive chemical constituents in Grapefruit oil that attracts light and leads to toxicity through molecular changes in the skin surface. Certain studies state that Grapefruit oil has been stated to promote the formation of tumors on the skin of mouse, by the key carcinogen, 10-dimethyl-l, 2-benzanthracene.

The primary chemical component responsible for the phototoxic and adverse skin effects of Grapefruit oil is Limonene, which accounts to about 90% of this oil along with few other furanocoumarins ( the non-volatile compounds like bergapten, bergamottin and epoxy-bergamottin.)

The safe dilution level of Grapefruit oil by the International Fragrance Association (IFRA) is 4%, which is about 24 drops per ounce of any mild carrier oils. This is particularly to prevent phototoxicity in products used for dermal applications except for bath products like soaps, shampoos and other wash-off preparations.

According to the European decree, essential oils that contain furanocoumarins must be used preferably when the level of bergapten does not exceed 15 ppm (parts per million) in finished cosmetic products preordained for use on parts of the skin that are in contact with sunlight (other than rinse-away products) and 1 ppm in bronzing and sun protection products.

Grapefruit oil should be used only for topical application, preferably blended with mild carrier oils (good for use after a patch test on your skin), and never use essential oils for ingestion, as internal use of essential oils might pose adverse health effects. Undiluted Grapefruit oil can cause skin irritation and this oil is claimed to be toxic to cats.

A 2005 study published in Brain Research states that “the scent of Grapefruit oil and its active constituent, limonene affects the autonomic neurotransmission and blood pressure through central histaminergic nerves and the suprachiasmatic nucleus.”

Studies state that ingesting furocoumarins may also cause phytophotodermatitis. It is better to avoid Grapefruit oil if you are pregnant or breastfeeding as the safety of this oil during carrying or nursing are not established.

In a much similar way like Bitter orange oil, Grapefruit oil is said to restrain important enzymes in the intestines and liver, leading to have an impact on the blood levels at the time of taking medicines that are antidepressant, antiviral, anti-anxiety, calcium channel blockers, steroids, anti-malarial, immune modulators, prokinetics, statins and on par with caffeine intake. The presence of furocoumarins has led to the term ‘Grapefruit effect’, which signifies the interaction between furocoumarins and enzymes that are engaged in drug metabolism, specifically cytochrome P450.

Use Grapefruit oil only after medical advice, if you are taking any other prescription medicines. Startlingly, furocoumarins are also used in different remedies along with the long-wave ultraviolet light therapy for curing psoriasis, mycosis fungoides and vitiligo.

Reference Links Substantiating Possible Skin Issues of Grapefruit Oil:

Thought for the day:

You forget that the fruits belong to all and that the land belongs to no one.
-Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Suggested Reading:

The Grapefruit Solution: Lower Your Cholesterol, Lose Weight and Achieve Optimal Health with Nature’s Wonder Fruit by Daryl L. Thompson, M. Joseph Ahrens
Ayurveda & Aromatherapy: The Earth Essential Guide to Ancient Wisdom and Modern Healing by Dr. Light Miller, Dr. Bryan Miller
The Complete Master Cleanse: A Step-by-Step Guide to Maximizing the Benefits of the Lemonade Diet by Tom Woloshyn
The Grapefruit Diet Plan by M Marose
Daily Aromatherapy: Transforming the Seasons of Your Life with Essential Oils by Joni Keim, Ruah Bull

Reference Links:

Your resource for quality Essential Oils. Every batch is
GC tested to ensure purity and authenticity.

Angelica Root Oil

Posted on April 13, 2025 by AyurvedicOils

Angelica root is held high as a blessing to herbalism in the United States, just as Ginseng is to the Chinese herbalism. These angelic roots form a vital part of the history of Aromatherapy for fighting against mental exhaustion, anxiety and stress.

Lovingly called as the ‘Oil of Angels’ and ‘Root of the Holy Spirit’, Angelica root and its essential oil have been used for eliminating harmful toxins, purifying blood, treating rheumatic conditions and for relieving menstrual difficulties and respiratory problems.

“It is one of the first essential oils we reach for in any infection or immune deficiency. Its tonic nature builds tissue and also brings balance to hormonal excesses or deficiencies”, say Bryan Miller and Light Miller in their book Ayurveda and Aromatherapy about Angelica root essential oil.

Chandaamshuka is among the few prominent Ayurvedic names of the Angelica plant, where the word ‘Chandaamshuka’ is termed as “one of the agents found in mountains, which helps to control serious diseases.”

With its ability to treat dysmennorhea, flatulence, nervous headaches, rheumatism, chronic bronchitis, cerebral diseases, hypertension, arthritis and many other health conditions, Angelica root is a trusted medication in Ayurvedic healing with the Sanskrit name Laghu coraka and Hindi names like Dudhachoraa and Choraka bheda.

Therapeutic properties and chemical components of Angelica root oil:

The essential oil of Angelica is extracted from the roots of this plant by steam distillation method. The predominant chemical constituents of Angelica root oil are pinene, β-terebangelene, limonene, p-cymene, myrcene, β-bisabolene, terpinolene, sabinene, pentadecanolide, α-phellandrene, linalool, cis-ocimene, camphene and certain other terpenes.

The remedial values of Angelic root oil are hepatoprotective, depurative, diuretic, febrifuge, anti-coagulant, expectorant, antipyretic, stimulant, diaphoretic, emmenagogue, stomachic, antibacterial, antispasmodic, antifungal, tonic, carminative, aphrodisiac and nervine.

Historical significance and uses of Angelica root oil:

Scientifically called as Angelica archangelica, this plant is regarded as the most unique member of the Umbelliferae family for its pleasant aroma, encompassing fragrant that is completely different from fennel, chervil, caraway, anise and parsley.

Since the pre-historic period, Angelica root is compared to Dong Quai, which is a female rejuvenative herb. Similarly Angelica root and its essential oil have been used for thousands of years in the treatment of female menstrual syndromes and reproductive difficulties.

Renowned herbalists like Paracelsus and John Gerard have prescribed the use of Angelica for treating various illnesses and the most notable among them was its effectiveness in treating plague, colic and viral infections. The roots, stems and seeds of this plant were burnt to purify the atmosphere naturally.

French herbalists Jean-Baptiste Chomel and Nicolas Lemery have depicted Angelica herb as an effective expectorant with sudorific, tonic and depurative properties.

Angelica is connected with the reproductive system in Chinese medicine. This herb has been trusted to contain Angelic powers and was used in the folk medicine and other traditional remedies for treating fever, rheumatism, rashes, toothaches, wounds and nervous headaches.

The traditional populace used Angelica roots internally for aiding in the treatment of obstetric disorders, fatigue, anorexia, menstrual problems and gastric ulcers.

A herbal infusion prepared with the crushed roots of this plant have been used in herbal medicine as an emmenagogue, bronchial tonic and for relieving general debility, indigestion and flatulence.

These remedial roots have been a part of the Austrian medicine, taken in the form of tincture or tea for treating flu, infections, fever and problems of the nervous system, respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract.

The North European folklore practices used the Angelica roots as a shield against poisonous insect bites and infectious maladies. It was also used as a blood cleanser and for highly contagious infections.

Angelica is found growing wild in Norway, Sweden, Greenland, Finland, Iceland, Thailand and the inner valleys of Himalayas including Kashmir, Lahaul, Kullu and Chamba.

It was cultivated all around the world and attained high fame in the Sami culture in Scandinavia as a trusted medicinal plant and healthy vegetable. It has also been said that they used it as a flavoring agent in reindeer milk.

Called as the ‘Root of the Holy Ghost’, Angelica was believed effective against evil spirits and magical spells. Associated with many Pagan festivals, it was used as a guard against contagious health conditions, witchcrafts and for treating bites of mad dogs.

Angelica has been used for bestowing good luck, long life, faithfulness in marriage, happiness and as a blessing to the new born as well as the mother. It was introduced in Niort in 1602 as a promising remedy for plague.

It is also used as a flavoring agent in jams, omelettes, liqueurs, aquavits, trout, wines and other beverages.

Ayurvedic health benefits of Angelica root essential oil:

Angelica root is used in the powdered form for internal usage in Ayurveda and is also recommended as an oil for topical application and is also suggested as an inhalation for respiratory problems. Ayurveda is a significant part of Atharvaveda, one among the 4 sacred books of the Indian mythology where 114 verses talk about various illnesses and its Ayurvedic remedies.

Ayur + Veda simply mean the ‘knowledge of life’. This traditional healing methodology states that a determined and disciplined life is the key to longevity and healthiness. Absolute health in Ayurveda is an array of physical, psychological, spiritual and environmental attributes.

Among the greatest Ayurvedic philosophers, Charaka and Sushruta have played a vital role in gifting the most prized Ayurvedic encyclopedias namely Charaka Samhita and Sushruta Samhita. Where the former states this holistic approach as, “The three – body, psyche, and soul – act as a tripod. The world stands upon them, and within them, the world abides.”

Ayurveda never treats diseases just by overlooking at its mere symptoms but it first attempts to trace the root cause of an illness. Treating the actual underlying cause aids in curing the disease initially and in preventing it in the future also.

The philosophy of Ayurveda believes that everything on earth is a part of Nature and diseases occur where there is imbalance with Nature. With the firm belief that Mother Nature has all the medicines for all kinds of illnesses on earth, Ayurvedic medication spins around Nature’s innate remedies for serving humanity.

The uniqueness of Ayurvedic treatment is its exclusive attention to every person as it decisively states that every human being has a unique individual constitution and their illnesses should also be treated in a unique manner as per their constitution or Prakriti, which is an arrangement of the three fundamental energies or doshas namely vata, kapha and pitta.

These Ayurvedic body types or doshas are nothing but a combination of the five elements of nature and is also called as Panchamahabutas. They are space, air, fire, water and earth. Based on this natural law of Ayurveda, every person has a predominance of any one of these doshas and it acts as a deciding factor in the personality, character, mental makeup and behavioral patterns.

Perfect balance between these three doshas indicates health and heartiness and imbalance between these doshas due to improper food habits, climatic changes and negligence in disciplinary actions paves way for diseases.

Ayurveda prescribes natural remedies like Ayurvedic essential oils, herbs, simple physical exercises, meditation, prayers, yoga, Pranayama or breathing exercises, Ayurvedic routine, and other Ayurvedic remedial techniques like Abhyanga or Ayurvedic massaging with Ayurvedic essential oils, Panchakarma or the detoxification therapy and certain other holistic practices.

Angelica root essential oil in Ayurvedic medicine is “good for all dosha types, except for Pitta in excess” quotes Bryan and Light Miller. It is also known for its curative effects in the treatment of hiccups, adrenal problems, menstrual cramps, amenorrhea, cold, anemia, headaches and improper circulation.

It’s time to read through the Ayurvedic health benefits of Angelica oil:

1. Fights against respiratory infections and fever:

Cold, flu, cough, bronchial congestion and other respiratory infections conquer the healthy system mainly because of kapha dosha vitiations. Kapha dosha is a combination of earth and water, excess of which leads to amassing of mucus and phlegm deposits in the nasal passages, lungs and the bronchial passages.

Angelica and its essential oil are good Ayurvedic remedy for normalizing kapha imbalances for which this herb is known to have kaphahara (one that normalizes kapha) and Svasahara (one that treats breathing problems) effects.

Bryan Miller and Light Miller suggest Angelica essential oil as excellent inhalation oil for treating respiratory problems. As a promising expectorant, this oil has been prescribed as a natural cure for cold, influenza, fever, cough, chronic bronchitis, blocked nose and breathing difficulties.

A 2011 study titled “Angelica archangelica Linn. is an angel on earth for the treatment of diseases” by Department of Pharmaceutical sciences, University of Kashmir, India published in the International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology and Neurological diseases suggests Angelica as a stimulating bronchial tonic, for its effect in treating bronchial conditions, headache, fever, chest congestion, migraine, cough and certain other respiratory problems.

Add 2 drops of Angelica oil along with 1 drop of Eucalyptus oil to steam inhalation for treating migraine pain, nasal congestion, cold, whooping cough, headache, bronchitis, sinusitis, asthma and breathing difficulties.

A gentle massage with 1 drop of Angelica oil and 1 drop of Yarrow oil and 1 drop of Eucalyptus oil in your vaporizing ointment or in a warm blend of 15ml of pure coconut oil on your chest, throat and back can be a quick reliever of block nasal passages, runny nose, sore throat, dry cough, itchy eyes and fatigue due to cold.

Massaging the foot soles with 2 drops of Angelica oil blended with 1 drop of Cumin oil mixed with 2 ml of Evening primrose oil can help in reducing the body temperature in case of fever. This also aids in combating micro-organisms that are responsible for fever and respiratory infections. Cumin and Angelica oil have excellent kapha-reducing and immune enhancing qualities that support in guarding your system against contagious fever or other infections.

2. Strengthens the immune system:

Primordial medicinal practices recommended the chewing of Angelica leaves or drinking the tea prepared with these leaves, for enhancing the immunity of a person. With its effect to fight against various hazardous pathogens and microbes including bacteria, fungi and virus, Angelica and its essential oil is a trusted natural medicine for promoting the overall health of a person.

Bryan Miller and Light Miller in their book Ayurveda and Aromatherapy quotes Angelica oil as “Good for all dosha types and its tonic nature builds tissue and also brings balance to hormonal excesses or deficiencies.” They also state that Angelica is one among the first essential oils that they use in case of immune deficiency or infections.

Adding 2 drops of Angelic oil along with 2 drops of Petitgrain oil in your warm bathing water daily can help you vastly in improving your immune power and balancing your immune deficiencies.

You can also go for an invigorating massage with 5 drops of Angelica oil with 2 drops of Rosewood oil and 2 drops of Cumin oil and 2 drops of Fennel oil with 100 ml of virgin Olive oil for supporting your immune system and guard your body against vulnerable diseases.

3. Excellent aid for digestive problems:

Angelica has been recommended by numerous physicians of various traditional medications, including the Traditional Chinese medicine as an excellent remedy for treating digestive problems like colic, intestinal gas and indigestion. Many physicians prescribe it for curing anorexia as it is known to stimulate the digestive as well as the nervous system.

The essential oil extracted from the root of the Angelica plant helps in relieving abdominal pain, intestinal gas, colic, sluggish digestion, stomach ache, cramps, nausea, flatulence and headaches caused due to digestive disorders.

Massaging your stomach with 2 drops of Angelica oil along with 2 drops of Vetiver oil in a blend of 2 ml of sesame oil can assist in stimulating the secretion bile and other digestive acids. It also helps in proper digestion and absorption of energy from the digested food.

Inhaling the bitter aroma of Angelica oil by adding 1 drop of this oil in your diffuser or a tissue can support in healing wounds or ulcers in the stomach lining and intestinal walls. With its relaxing and soothing carminative properties, Angelica oil assists in expelling intestinal gas and also relieves the pain associated with it by calming the stomach, abdominal muscles and intestines.

4. Trusted blood cleanser:

Excess of kapha dosha leads to accumulation of water deposits in the body along with the amassing of uric acid, salts, toxic substances due to improper digestion etc., This is one among the major cause for obesity, renal calculi, rheumatic conditions, gout and hypertension.

Angelica and its essential oil can aid in checking these water-borne diseases with its power to control the excess secretion of kapha dosha, thus assisting in regularizing its secretion and flushing out the toxic remains in the system through sweat and urine.

The essential oil of Angelica has diuretic property, which improves the quantity and frequency of urination, through which the accumulated water remains, toxic substances, salt, uric acid and fat in the blood and the body gets eliminated.

With its blood purifying or depurative property, promoting urine or diuretic property, influencing sweat or diaphoretic attribute of Angelica oil quickens the elimination of toxins through sweat and urine.

Massaging your body or the inflamed or painful parts of your system with 5 drops of Angelica essential oil with 2 drops of Fennel oil and 3 drops of St. John’s Wort oil along with 50 ml of coconut oil can be an excellent aid in reducing inflammation, pain, swelling, muscular soreness, irritation, redness and fat deposits and in treating urinary infections. You can also add 2 drops of Angelica oil in warm compress for alleviating pain associated with rheumatic conditions and arthritis.

5. Panacea for womanly problems and supports reproductive conditions:

Angelica essential oil has excellent emmenagogue properties that help in treating the premenstrual syndrome, delayed menstruation, blocked periods, menopausal problems and polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Angelica has been claimed as a renowned part of Chinese medicine and ten forms of Angelica herb were known to be used for strengthening the spirit, enhancing the fertility rate and for curing all sorts of feminine problems.

Adding 2 drops of Angelica oil in your vaporizer or diffuser is said to elevate your feelings and drive the negative energies like mood fluctuations, uneasiness, depression and fatigue experienced during menstrual cycle or during the post or pre-menopausal period.

Gently applying 3 drops of Angelica oil along with 2 drops of Dill oil and 20 ml of sesame oil on your lower abdomen, thighs, lower back and around your genital area can assist in relieving menstrual pain, severe abdominal cramps or dysmennorhea, blocked or delayed menstruation, nausea, fatigue, restlessness and headache associated with menstruation and menopause.

6. Fortifies the nervous system and relaxes your body:

With its stimulating and sedative effects, Angelica essential oil is said to act as a potent tonic for the nervous system and is said to instill a positive effect on the entire mechanism.

2 drops of Angelica oil with 1 drop of Rose oil added to air freshener or diffuser can certainly help in uplifting your spirits by enhancing your mood, promoting peaceful sleep by sedating the nervous afflictions and relaxing your tensed or sore muscles.

A weekly rejuvenating massage with 5 drops of Angelica oil blended with 3 drops of Rosewood oil, 3 drops of Petitgrain oil, 3 drops of Chamomile oil and 1 drop of Rose oil with 75 ml of Jojoba oil can alleviate nervous tension, anxiety, pain, anger, and negative feelings due to depression and hypertension.

This massage followed by a warm bath blended with 2 drops of Angelica oil will wipe away your mental pressure, strengthen your nervous system and leave you feeling recharged to take up the new week ahead. It is for this reason, the book Ayurveda and Aromatherapy quotes “The Archangel of Healing is embodied in Angelica, bringing strength, bravery and perseverance.”

Other health benefits:

Angelica oil is also claimed as a trusted natural remedy for treating cancerous growths, bleeding problems, constipation, psoriasis, dry skin problems, liver infections, diarrhea, sore throat, typhus fever and certain other health conditions.

Disclaimer:

This information is only for the purpose of education and is not recommended for treatment or for substituting any professional medical advice or prescribed medication. We are not medical experts and this article is published only with the view of sharing the traditional wisdom of Ayurvedic healing, world’s oldest healing methodology.

Essential oils should not be ingested and is suggested good only for topical use in diluted form. This is due to the fact that pure and organic essential oils are highly concentrated liquids and may cause adverse effects, if used on the skin directly. Speak with your Ayurvedic practitioner or healthcare professional before selecting the appropriate essential oils for your state of health along with your unique individual constitution or prakriti.

Angelica root essential oil has phototoxic effects and may cause allergic reactions when exposed to direct sunlight immediately after use. Keep essential oils out of reach of children. Get special advice from your Doctor before using essential oils, if you are pregnant or a nursing mother.

Angelica Root Oil – Possible Skin Issues:

Greener Life Diamond – Bio-Healthy Score => 3 – Possible Skin Issues:

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Angelica root oil is said to exhibit phototoxic effects, the resultant being irritation of the skin, redness, allergies, sunburns, blisters, hyperpigmentation and Photodermatitis or Berloque dermatitis. These skin maladies might occur if your skin is exposed to sunshine after the dermal application of this oil till 12 to 36 hours of usage.

The underlying principle is the reaction of plant furocoumarins or Psoralens present in Angelica root oil, namely angelicin. This component reacts negatively whilst absorbing sunlight visibly and ends up in toxicity, by way of modifying the molecular structure of the skin cells.

Generally, coumarins present in plant extracts are said to cause adverse side effects like phototoxic, carcinogenic, genotoxic and mutagenic effects by impeding with the DNA, on amalgamating with the ultraviolet rays exhibited from sunlight.

Research reports state that autoxidation components in Angelica root oil like alpha-pinene, limonene and delta-3-carene might cause skin sensitization. Storage of this oil in dark and airtight container, preferably in refrigerator is recommended.

The International Fragrance Association (IFRA) says that the safe level of dilution for the use of Angelica root oil on the skin exposed to sun is 0.8%, which is about 4.8 drops per ounce of any carrier oils.

Studies suggest that Angelica root oil must be avoided by pregnant and lactating women mainly due to its phototoxic, emmenagogue and abortifacient properties, as it might cause changes in the cellular structure of the fetus, induce menstruation and lessen the supply of milk (anti-galactogogue) in nursing mothers.

A 2011 study on ‘Angelica archangelica’ published in the International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases states that this traditional herb can be a potent alternative for producing harmless and effectual anti-cancer drugs.

The most comforting note is that the coumarins are not the major constituents of Angelica root oil and grants a sizeable periphery of safety for dermatological uses.

Yet, the great news is that Furocoumarins are also used along with the long-wave ultraviolet light treatment in the diagnosis of T-cell lymphoma, vitiligo, psoriasis and mycosis fungoides. This warning is pertinent to direct use on the skin like creams, massage oils, lotions and balms not for wash-off products like soaps, shampoos and other bath preparations.

Reference Links Substantiating Possible Skin Issues of Angelica Root Oil:

Thought for the day:

Nature is infinitely creative. It is always producing the possibility of new beginnings. -Marianne Williamson

Suggested Reading:

Ayurveda & Aromatherapy: The Earth Essential Guide to Ancient Wisdom and Modern Healing by Dr. Light Miller, Dr. Bryan Miller
Bartram’s Encyclopedia of Herbal Medicine: The Definitive Guide to the Herbal Treatments of Diseases by Thomas Bartram
The Healing Intelligence of Essential Oils: The Science of Advanced Aromatherapy by Kurt Schnaubelt Ph.D.
Sacred Plant Medicine: The Wisdom in Native American Herbalism by Stephen Harrod Buhner, Brooke Medicine Eagle
Vibrant Health Now! How to use essential oils, aromatherapy and natural health products to detox your body and reach optimal health by Casey Conrad

Reference Links:

Angelica archangelica by Wikipedia
Angelica archangelica Linn., is an angel on earth for the treatment of diseases by ZA Bhat, Dinesh Kumar, MY Shah Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazaratbal, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India published in the International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, and Neurological Diseases.
Canda (Root) – Angelica archangelica by The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India
Health benefits of Angelica essential oil by Organic Facts

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